Dynamical fluctuations in open quantum systems, studied via unravelled dynamics

对于与其环境相互作用的量子系统，一个常见的理论描述是密度矩阵的Lindblad方程。然而，为了全面描述这些系统-包括其动态波动-需要更详细的描述。一种可能性是解开的动态，这是一个随机过程，捕捉系统及其环境的联合波动。动力学现象，如亚稳态已经通过Lindblad方程进行了研究，但在解开的水平上的描述是缺席至今。该项目将调查通过解开可获得的现象的额外见解，以及Lindblad和解开的描述之间的关系。

For quantum systems that interact with their environment, a common theoretical description is the Lindblad equation for the density matrix. However, for a full description of these systems -- including their dynamical fluctuations -- a more detailed description is required. One possibility is the unravelled dynamics, which is a stochastic process that captures the joint fluctuations of the system and its environment. Dynamical phenomena such as metastability have been studied through the Lindblad equation, but descriptions at the unravelled level are absent so far. This project will investigate the additional insights into the phenomena that are available by unravelling, and the relationships between Lindblad and unravelled descriptions.