Surface Chemistry for Immobilization of Ultrathin Films

描述（由申请人提供）：在广泛的生物分析环境中，对材料表面进行改性以影响特定的物理、化学或生物特性是很重要的。开发简单、可复制且具有稳定接口的策略尤其具有吸引力。光活性交联剂固定化是一种简单有效的聚合物和生物分子表面共价附着的方法。本研究旨在探讨影响全氟苯基叠氮化物（pfpa）对薄膜共价固定的表面化学性质。假设功能表面的组成、结构和性质直接影响膜固定化收率、效率和完整性。我们的假设基于我们的观察：1)聚乙二醇和等规聚丙烯不能用我们的标准自旋涂层和光活化程序固定，尽管该方法原则上应该是通用的，适用于任何具有C-H键的分子；2)通过与PFPA共沉积非光活性分子，改变表面叠氮基的密度，影响固定化产率。这些观察结果表明，需要对固定化化学的表面和界面性质进行系统的研究。我们的目标是为固定化更多种类的分子和材料开发策略和最佳条件，从而使这种方法真正通用。方法发展包括纳米尺寸的图案聚合物薄膜和纳米孔的制造，以及具有用于生物偶联的通用官能团的聚合物薄膜和多层膜的生成。具体目标是：1。研究影响固定化膜收率、效率和完整性的参数和条件。非光活性分子将与光活性PFPA共吸附，以控制表面叠氮基的密度和形貌。选择非光活性分子上的官能团以增强与待固定化分子的相互作用和相容性。2. 使用近场光学光刻技术创建聚合物薄膜和纳米孔阵列的纳米尺寸特征。近场光学光刻技术使用光学探针直接写入纳米尺度的特征。此外，耦合激光在探针尖端产生热量。这将增加固定化的产量，并拓宽可用于制造纳米尺寸结构的材料范围。我们还将使用该技术在空间和地形上制造具有纳米尺寸的真正纳米阱阵列。3. 生成具有通用官能团的薄膜和多层膜用于生物偶联。这将使用我们实验室开发的直接固定化化学来完成。聚合物薄膜具有-COOH， -NH2和-SO3H基团。这些聚合物薄膜将被用作各种生物分子和其他功能材料的共轭的通用涂层。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The modification of surfaces of materials to impact specific physical, chemical or biological properties is important in a wide range of bioanalytical settings. The development of strategies that are simple, reproducible and that give stable interfaces are particularly attractive. Immobilization via a photoactive crosslinker is a practically simple and effective method for the covalent attachment of polymers and biomolecules on surfaces. This proposal seeks to investigate the surface chemistry that influences the covalent immobilization of thin films by way of perfluorophenyl azides (PFPAs). The hypothesis is that the composition, structure, and property of the functional surface directly affect the film immobilization yield, efficiency and integrity. We base the hypothesis on our observations that 1) poly (ethylene glycol) and isotactic polypropylene could not be immobilized using our standard spin coating and photoactivation procedure, although the method should in principle be versatile and applicable to any molecules possessing C-H bond; 2) when we varied the density of the surface azido groups by co-depositing a non-photoactive molecule together with the PFPA, the immobilization yield was affected. These observations demonstrate the need for systematic studies on surface and interface properties for the immobilization.chemistry. Our goal is to develop strategies and optimal conditions for the immobilization of a greater variety of molecules and materials, thus making this method truly versatile. Method development includes the fabrication of nanometer-size patterned polymer films and nanowells, and the generation of polymer films and multilayers possessing generic functional groups for bioconjugation. The specific aims are to: 1. Investigate parameters and conditions that influence the immobilization yield, efficiency and integrity of immobilized films. A non-photoactive molecule will be co-adsorbed with the photoactive PFPA to control the density and topography of azido groups on the surface. The functional group on the non-photoactive molecule will be chosen to specifically to enhance the interactions and compatibility with the molecules to be immobilized. 2. Create nanometer-size features of polymer thin films and nanowell arrays using near-field optical lithography. Near-field optical lithography uses an optical probe to directly write features with nanoscale dimensions. In addition, the coupled laser light generates heat at the probe tip. This should increase the yield of immobilization, and broaden the range of materials that can be used for creating nanometer-size structures. We will also use the technique to fabricate true nanowell arrays with nanometer dimensions both spatially and topographically. 3. Generate thin films and multilayers possessing generic functional groups for bioconjugation. This will be accomplished using the direct immobilization chemistry developed in our laboratory. Thin films of polymers that possess -COOH, -NH2 and -SO3H groups will be generated. These polymer films will be used as generic coatings for the conjugation of a variety of biomolecules and other functional materials.