Predictors of Adolescent Girls Physical Activity

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的主要目的是评估童年和青春期早期的家庭和同伴支持作为13至15岁女孩体育活动的预测因素。研究一致表明，在青春期，身体活动水平会下降，而青春期女孩尤其面临低水平活动的风险。低水平的身体活动可能使青少年面临肥胖及其相关健康并发症的风险。然而，很少有研究调查促使青少年达到并保持推荐的体育活动水平的因素。这项拟议的研究是对大约197名5至15岁女孩及其父母进行的10年纵向研究的补充（NIH HD 32973）。迄今为止，每隔两年为女孩及其父母（即女孩5岁、7岁和9岁时）收集了三波数据，目前正在收集11岁的数据。主要研究者设计的评估父母和同伴对体育活动影响的问卷，包括在女孩9岁时开始的纵向项目中。作为拟议研究的一部分，当女孩13岁和15岁时，将在现有的纵向项目中增加对女孩身体活动的客观7天评估（使用加速度计）。根据对身体活动的客观评估，在13岁和15岁时达到每天60分钟适度活动建议的女孩将被归类为维持者。在一个或两个年龄段未达到建议的女孩将被归类为非维持者。利用这一分类和纵向研究中现有的数据，提出的研究的具体目标如下：(1)描述在5至13岁之间的身体活动（自我报告），身体健康和体重状况的差异。(2)评估童年和青少年早期的家庭和同伴支持作为成为赡养者可能性的预测因素；(3)研究体重状况、运动女性态度、运动享受程度和运动能力感知在家庭和同伴支持与女孩体育活动之间的调节作用。这些信息对于设计有效的预防方案，促进青少年推荐的体育活动水平是必不可少的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary objective of the proposed study is to assess familial and peer support during childhood and early adolescence as predictors of girls' physical activity across ages 13 to 15 years. Research has consistently shown that levels of physical activity decline during adolescence and that adolescent girls are at particular risk of low levels of activity. Low levels of physical activity can place adolescents at risk for obesity and its associated health comorbidities. Little research, however, has examined factors that foster the achievement and maintenance of recommended levels of physical activity among adolescents. The proposed study adds on to a pre-existing 10-year longitudinal study of approximately 197 girls, examined across ages 5 to 15 years, and their parents (NIH HD 32973). To date, three waves of data have been collected at two year intervals for girls and their parents (i.e., when girls were 5, 7, and 9 years old) and data collection at age 11 is currently in progress. Questionnaires assessing parent and peer influence on physical activity, designed by the principal investigator, were included in the longitudinal project starting when girls were 9 years old. As part of the proposed study, an objective 7-day assessment of girls' physical activity (using accelerometers) will be added to the existing longitudinal project when girls are 13 and 15 years old. Based on the objective assessment of physical activity, girls who meet recommendations of 60 minutes of moderate activity a day at ages 13 AND 15 will be classified as maintainers. Girls who fail to meet recommendations at one or both ages will be classified as non-maintainers. Using this categorization and the currently existing data in the longitudinal study, the specific goals of the proposed study as follows: (1) To describe differences in physical activity (self-reported), physical fitness, and weight status across ages 5 to 13 years for maintainers and non-maintainer; (2) To assess familial and peer support during childhood and early adolescence as predictors of the likelihood of being a maintainer; and (3) To examine weight status, attitudes toward women in sport, enjoyment of activity, and perceived competence in physical activity as moderators of the relationship between familial and peer support and girls' physical activity. Such information is essential to designing effective prevention programs that promote recommended levels of physical activity during adolescence.