Gene Environment Relationship Btwn Bone, Obesity, Leptin

描述（由申请人提供）：骨质疏松症和随后的骨折是老年人面临的重要健康问题。骨质疏松症的四个主要危险因素是年龄、性别、遗传倾向和肥胖。在这里，我们建议检查饮食和遗传因素影响骨量，形态学和生物力学特性和这些功能与肥胖症的关系，在一个建立的小鼠模型肥胖，糖尿病和饮食反应，交叉的LG/J和SM/J小鼠品系。通过这些研究，我们将发现影响骨骼及其与肥胖关系的新基因和途径。我们将在LGXSM重组近交（RI）品系中测量骨性状的遗传力水平及其与肥胖和瘦素水平的遗传相关性。来自每个品系的动物被喂食高或低脂肪饮食，使我们能够检查基因和环境（膳食脂肪）对骨骼特征和骨骼肥胖关系的影响。我们将在R1品系、F2杂交和F10高级杂交（Al）品系群体中鉴定影响骨及其与肥胖的关系的基因组区域（数量性状基因座，QTL）。所有动物均为先前项目饲养并进行基因分型，可用于本项目，无需额外费用。我们还将在Al系的F32代（N = 1000）中精细定位这些QTL，以验证和精细定位在早期群体中发现的QTL。与F2和F10代不同，将在F32动物中收集完全肥胖、瘦素和糖尿病相关表型，并将以高脂肪或低脂饮食饲养动物。在这一代的精细定位将使我们能够确定一小组的位置候选基因进行进一步评估。将检查这些基因的序列和表达多态性。将在敲除和过表达转基因小鼠中评价强有力支持的候选基因。该项目将确定影响骨质疏松症的新基因和生理途径，并研究遗传和环境肥胖如何影响骨量，形态和生物力学功能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Osteoporosis and subsequent fractures are an important health problem facing the elderly. Four major risk factors for osteoporosis are age, gender, genetic predisposition, and obesity. Here we propose to examine dietary and genetic factors affecting bone mass, morphology, and biomechanical properties and the relationships of these features to obesity in an established mouse model for obesity, diabetes, and dietary response, the cross of LG/J and SM/J mouse strains. Through these studies we will discover novel genes and pathways affecting bone and its relationship to obesity. We will measure the level of heritability for bone traits and their genetic correlations with obesity and leptin levels in the LGXSM Recombinant Inbred (Rl) strains. Animals from each strain have been fed a high or low fat diet allowing us to examine the effects of both genes and environment (dietary fat) on bone characteristics and bone-obesity relationships. We will identify genomic regions (Quantitative Trait Loci, QTLs) affecting bone and its relationship to obesity in the Rl strains, F2 intercross, and an F10 Advanced Intercross (Al) line population. All animals were reared and genotyped for previous projects and are available to this project at no additional cost. We will also fine-map these QTLs in the F32 generation of the Al Line (N = 1000) to validate and fine-map the QTLs discovered with earlier populations. Unlike the F2 and F10 generations, complete obesity, leptin, and diabetes-related phenotypes will be collected in the F32 animals and animals will be reared on either a high or low fat diet. Fine-mapping in this generation will allow us to identify a small set of positional candidate genes for further evaluation. Sequence and expression polymorphism will be examined for these genes. Strongly supported candidate genes will be evaluated in knock-out and overexpressing transgenic mice. This project will identify novel genes and physiological pathways affecting osteoporosis and examine how genetic and environmentally-based obesity affects bone mass, morphology and biomechanical function.