Communicative Practices of the Free Brazil Movement in Social Media Networks and Their Consequent Appropriations by Political Candidates in the 2018

本研究的主要目的是对社交网络中社会运动的话语实践进行实证理解，并分析这在2018年选举中是如何使用的。该项目旨在描述和分析自由巴西运动（MBL）的传播实践，以及在上届巴西总统选举中当选的候选人随后对这些实践的挪用。自2013年6月日（JJ13）以来，巴西出现了几个参与国家政治辩论和社会运动的团体，其中一个是MBL，“一个非营利组织，旨在动员公民争取更自由，公平和繁荣的社会，并代表民主，共和国，言论自由和新闻自由，自由市场，减少国家和官僚主义。”在2018年的选举中，许多得票最多的政客都因为大量使用社交网络和参与这些动员活动而声名狼藉。MBL协调者之一的金·卡塔圭里（Kim Kataguiri）赢得了国会议员的席位，他获得了令人印象深刻的选票，这就是一个例证。在20世纪初之前，社会运动的概念仅仅被认为是工人在工会中的行动。来自不同领域的学者指出集体行动的重新定位，不同类型的集体行动按理论类别分类，当代社会行动者不再适合（Touraine, 2003）。例如，女权主义运动引发了对性别等级制度的回顾，并使家庭空间政治化（Hall, 2003）。还应该指出的是，理解这些运动在社会转型的形成、动态、价值观和观点过程中的重要性，强调沟通在分享意义和信息交换过程中的作用（卡斯特，2013）。Maria da Glória Gohn（2013）等研究人员研究了社会运动的集体实践和行动，界定了时间背景的基本特征（所分析的历史时间的社会政治，经济和文化特征）。随着互联网和社交网络的普及，网络空间作为一个政治争议领域变得越来越重要。当代社会经历了社会和政治变革的循环，使人际关系和个人/政治机构关系出现了新的动态。在这种情况下，公民社会在政治和社会进程中发挥着越来越重要的作用（Avritzer, 2016; Castells， 2008和2013；Gohn, 2004; Lavalle et al., 2007）。该研究项目旨在带来显著的学术和社会贡献。首先，本研究旨在了解MBL作为一种当代社会运动，其交际实践和使用社会网络传播其话语。其次，该项目试图确定其协调人之一Kim Kataguiri对这一话语的挪用，他从“无党派”运动开始，但最终以具有表现力的票数当选为国会议员。在这种情况下，本研究通过以下问题考察并试图回答这些话语的挪用问题，重点关注社会运动的传播实践以及随后将自己带入政治领域的成员对这些话语的挪用。这些话语是如何在社会上流传的？这些运动的成员如何利用这篇演讲为自己谋取利益？这个项目背后的学术文献试图划定这个研究的范围。首先，我们试图分析“社会运动”概念的历史演变及其当代定义，以确定MBL作为社会运动的特征，并确定其动员目标和目的。这是理论上的

The main objective of this research is to develop an empirical understanding of the discursive practices of a social movement in social networks and to analyse how this was used in the 2018 elections. This project seeks to describe and analyse the communicative practices of the Free Brazil Movement (MBL) and the consequent appropriation of these practices by candidates elected in the last Brazilian presidential election.Several groups involved in the national political debate and in social movements have appeared in Brazil since the June 2013 Days (JJ13), one of which is the MBL, "a non-profit organization aiming to mobilize citizens for a freer, fair and prosperous society and stand for Democracy, Republic, Freedom of Expression and the Press, Free Market, the Reduction of State and Bureaucracy." Many of the most voted politicians in the 2018 elections gained notoriety due to their intensive use of social networks and their involvement in these mobilizations. An illustration of this is the expressive number of votes received by Kim Kataguiri, one of the MBL coordinators, who won the position of Congressman. The concept of a social movement, before the beginning of the twentieth century, was only considered as the action of workers in unions. Academics from different areaspoint to a re-orientation of the collective action, the different types of which are classified by theoretical categories into which contemporary social actors no longer fit (Touraine, 2003). The feminist movement, for example, sparked a review of gender hierarchy and politicized the domestic space (Hall, 2003). It should also be noted that the importance of understanding these movements in their processes of formation, dynamics, values andperspectives of social transformation, highlighting the role of communication in the process of sharing the meaning and exchange of information (Castells, 2013). Such researchers as Maria da Glória Gohn (2013) study the collective practices and actions of social movements delimiting the basic characteristics of the context of the time (sociopolitical, economic and cultural characteristics of the historical time under analysis).Cyberspace gains importance as a field of political dispute with the consequent popularization of the internet and social networks. The contemporary society experiences a cycle of social and political transformations, enabling the advent of new dynamics in interpersonal and individual/political institution relationships. In this scenario, the civil society develops an increasingly significant role within political and social processes (Avritzer, 2016; Castells, 2008 and 2013; Gohn, 2004; Lavalle et al., 2007). This research project seeks to bring significant academic and social contributions. Firstly, the study aims to understand MBL as a contemporary social movement, its communicative practices and the use of social networks to disseminate its discourse. Secondly, the project seeks to identify the appropriation of this discourse by one of itscoordinators, Kim Kataguiri, who started from a "non-partisan" movement but ended up being elected Congressman with an expressive number of votes. From this scenario, this research examines and seeks to answer the appropriations of these discourses through the following questions, focusing on the communicational practices of a social movement and the consequent appropriation of these discourses by members who led themselves into the political field.: How do these discourses circulate in society? How do members of these movements capitalize on this speech for their own benefit? The academic literature underlying this project seeks to delimit the scope of this research. Firstly, we try to analyse the historical evolution of the concept of a "Social Movement" and its contemporary definition in order to characterize MBL as a Social Movement and identify its mobilization objectives and purposes. This theoretical fr