A global assessment of aquaculture products from a food systems and value chain perspective towards the development of a personal environmental/health

在全球，水产养殖每年生产7000多万吨鱼，估计价值1600亿美元。它在过去30年里增长了5倍，预计到2025年将占全球渔业的40%(按吨位计算)(http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5555e.pdf).最近，消费趋势表明，随着越来越多的人采用节食、素食和弹性饮食，从红肉消费转向蛋白质的替代来源。但是，尽管富含油性鱼类和海鲜的饮食对人类健康的益处已经得到了很好的宣传，但这种趋势对我们食品系统的影响却知之甚少，特别是在需要提供植物性饲料以支持水产养殖的必要增长以及由此产生的环境后果方面(Shepherd等人，2017)。(http://www.seafoodintell.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Top-16-Organisations-Transparency-Synoptic-Table-Oct-13-2016.jpg)最近的一份海产品情报透明度报告强调了在水产养殖的影响方面缺乏知识的一系列环境、社会和社会领域，包括与能源和温室气体排放、生物多样性、生态系统功能、废物和水消耗有关的领域。在关于全球水产养殖影响的有限数量的研究中，它们尤其缺乏与海产品资源的收获后、加工和消费有关的背景信息。这些因素对资源使用效率和提供给消费者的营养有相当大的影响。学生将开发方法来评估不同国家的水产养殖，包括饲料的贡献，并将开发工具，允许个人消费者探索他们自己的饮食在环境影响和健康方面的贡献。学生将开发广泛的水产养殖产品的生命周期清单，跟踪其从饲料生产到零售商的成品的价值链。学生将接受生命周期评估、建模和解释方面的培训，以向政策制定者和行业提供有意义和有影响力的结果。学生和项目团队将开发出便于访问的结果，以使多个受众能够做出明智、负责任的购买和政策决策。主要数据将从行业合作者和标准组织收集。我们期待与Cool Farm Tool组织达成合作协议。

Globally, aquaculture produces more than 70 million tonnes of fish per annum with an estimated value of $160billion. It has increased 5-fold over the last 30 years and is predicted to represent 40% of global fisheries (by tonnage) by 2025 (http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5555e.pdf). Recently, trends in consumption indicate a shift away from red meat consumption towards alternative sources of protein as more people adopt pescatarian, vegetarian, and flexitarian diets. But, while the human health benefits of a diet rich in oily fish and seafood have been well publicised, the consequences of such a trend on our food system are poorly understood, particularly in respect of the need to provide plant-based feeds to support the necessary growth in aquaculture and the environmental consequences of this (Shepherd et al 2017,) . A recent Seafood Intelligence transparency report (http://www.seafoodintell.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Top-16-Organisations-Transparency-Synoptic-Table-Oct-13-2016.jpg) highlights a range of environmental, social, and societal areas in which knowledge is lacking in terms of the impacts of aquaculture, including areas concern energy and GHG emissions, biodiversity, ecosystem function, waste, and water consumption. Of the limited number of studies on impacts of global aquaculture, they are especially lacking in contextual information related to post harvest, processing and consumption of seafood resources. These factors have a considerable impact on efficiency of resource use and the nutrition that is delivered to the consumer. The student will develop methods to allow assessment of aquaculture in different countries, including the contribution of feed, and will develop tools which allow individual consumers to explore the contribution of their own diets in terms of environmental impacts and health. The student will develop extensive Life Cycle Inventories of aquaculture products, following their value chains from feed production to finished product at the retailer. The student will be trained in Life Cycle Assessment modelling and interpretation to deliver meaningful and impactful results to policy makers and industry. The student and project team will develop the results to be accessible to empower multiple audiences to make informed, responsible purchase and policy decisions. Primary data will be collected from industrial collaborators and standards' organisations.. We expect collaboration agreement with the Cool Farm Tool organisation.