Florida Hurricanes & Older Adults: Outcome/Resiliency

描述(由申请人提供)：我们建议评估(1)精神健康结果(包括：抑郁、广泛性焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍、酗酒、恐慌)，(2)与这些结果相关的保护性和风险因素，以及(3)精神健康服务利用模式和未满足的服务需求，在1200名老年人(60岁及以上)和300名居住在佛罗里达州灾难现场的年轻人(21-59岁)的比较样本中。 佛罗里达飓风提供了一个独特的机会，可以研究急性临床疾病的表型、风险和保护因素，包括遗传保护因素，以及随后的服务需求，这些老年人相对于美国人口来说，不成比例地被视为灾难受害者。具体地说，老年人居住在受飓风影响最严重的地区，人口密度水平大约是美国平均县的两倍。因此，可以获得一大批相对容易接近的受影响老年人(就成功地对家庭进行随机筛查，从而确定了老年人的答复者)。 我们将采用随机数字拨号方法，快速收集佛罗里达州受飓风影响地区的随机数据样本。数据将以20或25分钟的电话采访的形式收集，采访对象是佛罗里达州的1500名成年人，他们的主要住所在飓风查理之前。该调查将包括对认知和记忆状态、人口统计学、飓风暴露特征、生命周期和最近暴露于潜在创伤性事件、资源损失、应对策略、急性反应和恐慌、情绪障碍表型和服务利用情况的测量。除了采访数据外，还将从1000名受访者中收集唾液样本进行遗传分析，以进行基因x环境交互作用分析，这是基于先前的研究，该研究表明了与特定基因类型相关的创伤事件后的保护和风险因素。 该项目的首要目标是记录这些反复发生的灾害对老年人的严重影响，同时为老年人服务的发展和改进提供科学信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to assess (1) mental health outcomes (including: depression, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD, alcohol abuse, panic), (2) protective and risk factors associated with these outcomes, and (3) mental health service utilization patterns and unmet service needs in an over-sample of 1200 older adults (age 60 and over) and a comparison sample of 300 younger adults (age 21-59) residing in Florida disaster sites. The Florida Hurricanes present a unique opportunity to study the acute clinical disorder phenotypes, risk and protective factors, including genetic protective factors, and subsequent service needs of a group of older adults who were disproportionately represented as disaster victims relative to the US population. Specifically, older adults resided in the areas most severely affected by the hurricanes at population density levels approximately twice that of the average US county. As such, a large and relatively easily accessible (in terms of random screening of households successfully resulting in identifying an older adult respondent) group of affected older adults is available. We will employ Random Digit Dialing Methodology to rapidly collect random samples of data in areas of Florida affected by hurricanes. Data will be collected in the form of 20 or 25 minute telephone interviews with 1500 adults in FL whose primary residence was in the state prior to Hurricane Charlie. The survey will include measurement of cognitive and memory status, Demographics, Hurricane Exposure Characteristics, Lifetime and Recent Exposure to Potentially Traumatic Events, Resource Loss, Coping Strategies, Acute Reactions & Panic, Emotional Disorder Phenotypes, and Services Utilization. In addition to interview data, saliva samples will collected from a subset of 1000 respondents for genetic analyses to permit gene x environment interaction analyses, based on prior research indicating protective and risk factors following traumatic events associated with particular genotypes. The overarching goal of this project is to document the acute impact of these repeated disasters on older adults while scientifically informing the development and improvement of services for older adults.