A Phenomenological Study of Female Students' Experiences in Two Different Muslim Higher Education and Training Institutions

根据2011年英国人口普查，有270万穆斯林（占总人口的4.8%）生活在英国（国家统计局，2016年）。因此，穆斯林在英国形成了仅次于基督徒的第二大信仰群体。穆斯林信仰领袖，如伊玛目（祈祷领袖）和乌里玛（宗教学者）是一个小而不成比例的重要群体，他们在穆斯林社区中占据着权威和影响力的地位。这些伊玛目和乌里玛在塑造穆斯林与更广泛的英国社区的集体身份和主体性方面发挥着重要作用，因此在融合、多元化等问题上受到了英国媒体、议会和大学的极大关注。然而，尽管有这种兴趣和关注，人们对这些伊玛目和乌里玛接受教育和培训的教育中心知之甚少。这是对英国穆斯林社区现有研究的一个重要空白，因为我们可以相对自信地说，在未来的岁月里，伊斯兰教育将继续作为谈判和争论的主要场所，讨论在英国成为穆斯林意味着什么，以及穆斯林与多元英国的文化挂毯之间的关系——当然，也有助于定义这一挂毯。（Mandaville， 2007年，第239页）

According to the UK Population Census 2011, there are 2.7 million Muslims (4.8% of the totalpopulation) living in Britain (Office for National Statistics, 2016). Muslims thus form the second largestfaith community in Britain after Christians. Muslim faith leaders such as imams (prayerleaders) and ulema (religious scholars) are a small but disproportionately important group ofpeople who occupy a position of authority and influence in the Muslim community. These imamsand ulema play an important role in shaping the collective identities and subjectivities of Muslimsin relation to the wider British community, and have hence received significant attention fromBritish media, parliament and universities in relation to issues such as integration, pluralism, etc.Yet despite this interest and attention, there is very little that is known about the educationalcentres where these imams and ulema are educated and trained. This is an important gap inexisting research on the British Muslim community, since 'it can be said with relative confidencethat Islamic education will continue to function in the years to come as a primary site for thenegotiation and contestation of what it means to be a Muslim in the UK and the terms of justhow that Muslimness relates to - and, of course, helps to define - the cultural tapestry of apluralistic Britain.' (Mandaville, 2007, p. 239)