Understanding nonlinear wave-particle interactions in Earth's radiation belts for space weather modelling (Ref: 4253)

主管：奥利弗·艾克森博士，埃克塞特大学共同主管：奈杰尔·梅雷迪思博士，英国南极调查局，空间天气与大气团队第二主管：安德鲁·希利尔教授，埃克塞特大学项目咨询：o.allanson@埃克塞特.ac. uk地球的外辐射带是近地空间的一个区域，包含被地磁场捕获的高能带电粒子。虽然我们知道辐射带环境最终是由太阳风驱动的，但对这些粒子群进行建模是非常具有挑战性的。空间气象影响所造成的无数社会经济风险反映在将其列入联合王国内阁办公室国家民事紧急情况风险登记册上。准确的建模和预测对于保障支撑现代社会的在轨运行卫星至关重要--这使得人们越来越依赖基于英国南极调查局开发的世界领先模型的预测。该模型目前正被纳入英国气象局办公室空间气象预报套件-全球三个空间气象预报中心之一。现有的辐射带建模和预测能力依赖于将确定电子动力学的电磁波处理为具有非常小的振幅的技术。然而，最近的卫星数据集已经证明了大振幅（又名“非线性”）电磁波的普遍性。了解非线性波对空间天气建模的影响是当今辐射带科学面临的最大国际挑战之一。除了定期与主管一对一的会议，学生将被鼓励参加更广泛的团体和网络活动，以建立自己的学术形象，并与同事合作。他们可以参加该领域的国家和国际专家的研讨会，并受益于国家和国际会议以及暑期学校，这些会议和暑期学校可以发展特定学科和可转移的技能（例如AGU秋季会议和国际学校/空间模拟研讨会）。GW 4 + DTP提供了许多进一步的培训和技能发展机会，https://www.nercgw4plus.ac.uk/。在这个博士学位的学生将致力于使国际重大发现的辐射带和空间天气建模的非线性波的重要性-最终改善预测。一旦他们熟悉了基础科学和总体方向，他们将被邀请帮助指导项目朝着您最感兴趣的特定方面发展。这可以使用一种或多种理论，数值或观察方法-取决于你的倾向和我们共同确定的问题。他们将有机会领导一个项目，该项目将为具有现实世界应用的国际重大科学问题做出重要贡献。他们将在一个由世界领先的空间气象和空间科学专家组成的强大的英国网络中工作和合作。这个博士学位的最终目的是支持学生成为一名独立的研究人员，以及他们选择的任何未来角色的重要同事。

Lead Supervisor: Dr Oliver Allanson, University of ExeterCo-Supervisor: Dr Nigel Meredith, British Antarctic Survey, Space Weather & Atmosphere Team2nd Supervisor: Prof Andrew Hillier, University of ExeterProject Enquiries: o.allanson@exeter.ac.ukThe Earth's Outer Radiation Belt is a region of near-Earth space containing high-energy charged particles that are trapped by the geomagnetic field. Whilst we know that the radiation belt environment is ultimately driven by the solar wind, it is very challenging to model these particle populations. The myriad socio-economic risks posed by space weather effects are reflected through its inclusion in the UK Cabinet Office National Risk Register for Civil Emergencies. Accurate modelling and prediction is essential for safeguarding the operational satellites in orbit that underpin modern society - placing a growing reliance on forecasts such as those based on the world-leading model developed at the British Antarctic Survey. This model is now being incorporated into the UK MET Office Space Weather Forecasting Suite - one of 3 space weather prediction centres worldwide. Existing radiation belt modelling and forecasting capabilities rely upon techniques that treat electromagnetic waves determining the electron dynamics as having very small amplitudes. However, recent satellite datasets have demonstrated the prevalence of large amplitude (aka 'nonlinear') electromagnetic waves. Understanding the impact of nonlinear waves on space weather modelling is one of the biggest international challenges in radiation belt science today. In addition to regular one-to-one meetings with supervisors, the student will be encouraged to participate in wider group- and network- activities to build up their academic profile and collaborate with colleagues. They can attend seminars from national and international experts in the field, and benefit from national and international conferences and summer schools that develop both discipline-specific and transferable skills (e.g. AGU Fall meeting and International School/Symposium for Space Simulations). The GW4+ DTP provides many further training and skills development opportunities, https://www.nercgw4plus.ac.uk/. In this PhD the student will work towards making internationally significant discoveries about the importance of nonlinear waves in radiation belt and space weather modelling - to ultimately improve forecasting. Once they become comfortable with the underlying science and general direction, they will be invited to help guide the project towards a particular aspect that most interests you. This could be using one or more of theoretical, numerical or observational approaches - depending on your inclinations and the questions that we identify together. They will have the opportunity to lead on a project that will make an important contribution to an internationally significant scientific problem with real-world application. They will work and collaborate within a strong UK-based network of world-leading experts in Space Weather and Space-science. The ultimate aim of this PhD is to support the student to become an independent researcher, and a valued colleague in whatever future role they choose.