(Dis)ability in rural late Imperial Russia

一个“正常的身体”是什么样子的？这个问题切中了任何社会对自身的想象的核心，特别是当与它的正面放在一起时，这个问题切中了身体偏离这些规范的构建和想象的方式。虽然俄罗斯残疾人史是一个发展中的领域，但关于帝国晚期和农村背景的研究仍然缺乏。该项目将探索俄罗斯农村地区在20世纪之交的“正常身体”和残疾的社会结构，可能的焦点包括：身体残疾、听力或视觉障碍、身体老化、生育和学习障碍。该项目的核心研究问题如下：--俄罗斯帝国晚期管理理想身体概念的主要概念框架是什么？-这些框架如何塑造那些身体被认为不完美的人的日常经历和待遇？-俄罗斯帝国晚期对身体的概念和“生物政治”实践是否与当时其他国家和社会的规范和行动有关？-这项研究如何洞察关于“有能力的”身体的规范话语与被认为是“残疾人”的人的生活经验之间的关系，这可能会为当今的公共辩论和政策提供信息？本论文将使用定性和定量相结合的方法来挖掘新的可用的源库：特尼舍夫出版的文集(Dmitrii Aleksandrovich Baranov和A.V.Konovalov，编辑，Russkie Krest‘iane)。支支吾吾，字节跳动。材料‘Etnograficheskago biuro’Kneiza V.N.Tenisheva。好的。1-14[圣彼得堡：Delovaya Poligrafiya，2004-2009])。从1896年到1902年，俄罗斯北部和中部13个省的数百名农村记者收集了这份14卷的人种学材料抄本。这些对农村身体和日常生活的洞察将与其他来源相辅相成，包括回忆录、信件、日记和国家记录。根据主要来源材料的分布和丰富程度，还可以利用区域案例研究。

What does a 'normal body' look like? This question cuts to the heart of any society's imagining of itself, especially when taken alongside its obverse, the ways in which physical deviance from these norms is constructed and imagined. While Russian disability history is a developing field, work on the late Imperial and rural contexts is still missing. This project will explore social constructions of the 'normal body' and disability in Russian rural space at the turn of the twentieth century, with possible foci including: physical disability, hearing or visual impairments, the ageing body, childbearing, and learning disabilities. The project's core research questions are as follows:- What were the principal conceptual frameworks in late Imperial Russia governing notions of the ideal body?- How did these frameworks shape everyday experience and treatment of those whose bodies were deemed imperfect?- Did late Imperial Russian notions of the body and 'biopolitical' practices relate to norms and actions in other states and societies at the time?- How can this study provide insights into the relations between normative discourses of the 'able' body and the lived experiences of those considered 'disabled', that might inform present-day public debates and policy?The thesis will use a mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology to mine a newly available source base: the Tenishev published collection (Dmitrii Aleksandrovich Baranov and A.V. Konovalov, eds., Russkie krest'iane . Zhizhn', byt, nravy. Materialy 'Etnograficheskago biuro' Knaiza V.N. Tenisheva. Tt. 1-14 [Sankt-Peterburg: Delovaya Poligrafiya, 2004-2009]). This fourteen-volume transcription of ethnographic materials was collected between 1896 and 1902 by hundreds of rural correspondents for thirteen provinces in northern and central Russia. These insights into rural bodies and everyday life will be complemented with other sources, including memoirs, letters, diaries and state records. Depending on the distribution and richness of primary source materials, regional case studies may also be utilized.