Neural Mechanisms of Motion Sensitivity in V1 and MT

描述（由申请人提供）：运动系统的正式理论，区分三种独立的运动机制对人类运动感知的贡献，应用于神经生理学。该框架被应用于研究清醒行为灵长类动物视觉皮层对漂移亮度、纹理和颜色的敏感性的神经机制。基于对不同运动刺激的敏感性来解释神经机制，由于运动整合和刺激扭曲、运动计算轨迹、算法和与其他机制的关系等因素，使运动机制的基本性质变得模糊。提出的工作通过(1)识别和去除来自漂移纹理和颜色的异常亮度运动信号，(2)识别运动算法，（运动能量与基于特征的），潜在的神经灵敏度，以及(3)区分运动计算和运动集成对神经灵敏度的贡献来解决这些问题。利用一种用于区分运动感知机制的框架来分解对亮度、纹理和色度运动的神经敏感性，同样可以区分灵长类动物的神经运动敏感性机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A formal theory of motion systems, distinguishing the contributions of three independent motion mechanisms to human motion perception, is applied to neurophysiology. This framework is applied to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying sensitivity to drifting luminance, texture, and color in the visual cortices of awake, behaving primates. The elucidation of neural mechanisms, based on sensitivity measured to different motion stimuli, is made difficult by motion integration and stimulus distortions, factors obscuring basic properties of motion mechanisms, such as the motion computation's locus, algorithm and relationship to other mechanisms. The proposed work addresses these issues by (1) identifying and removing aberrant luminance motion signals from drifting texture and color, (2) identifying the motion algorithms, (motionenergy vs. feature-based), underlying neural sensitivity, and (3) distinguishing the contributions of motion computation and motion integration to neural sensitivity. Decomposing neural sensitivity to luminance, texture, and chromatic motion, using a framework developed to distinguish mechanisms of motion perception, may similarly distinguish mechanisms underlying neural motion sensitivity in primates.