Human Cardiomyopathy and HSP60

描述（由申请人提供）：近500万美国人患有心力衰竭，每年有40万新诊断病例。大多数治疗的目的是阻止心力衰竭的恶性循环，但是，尽管大力尝试剖析潜在的机制，许多仍有待了解。热休克蛋白（HSP）是一个普遍存在的内源性保护性蛋白家族，具有高度的序列保守性。先前，我们观察到心脏保护蛋白HSP60，通常是线粒体和细胞质蛋白，在衰竭的人类心脏中异常地定位于质膜。我们已经确定，急性缺氧损伤大鼠心肌细胞沉淀胞浆HSP60转运到质膜。正常心脏细胞质中HSP60与促凋亡bax形成复合物，HSP60的降低会促进心肌细胞凋亡。我们的中心假设是HSP60的膜定位介导心肌细胞损伤和细胞死亡。我们特别假设细胞应激/损伤导致细胞质HSP60磷酸化/肉豆肉酰化，从而导致HSP60易位到质膜。我们将从三个具体目标来解决这一假设：1。确定应激条件下HSP60向质膜易位的机制。确定HSP60的修饰，解释损伤时细胞定位的变化，并查明所观察到的修饰所涉及的信号通路。2. 确定应激条件下HSP60的膜定位功能-应激条件下HSP60从细胞质向质膜易位。我们假设膜中HSP60的存在对心脏有害，并将通过在肌细胞中表达突变的HSP60并改变其定位来验证这一点。我们还将鉴定与HSP60相互作用的膜蛋白。3. 确定HSP60/bax相互作用的机制- HSP60和bax在细胞质溶胶中形成复合物。我们假设HSP60和bax之间的相互作用对防止细胞凋亡很重要。这种相互作用的潜在调节机制尚不清楚，将在计划的实验中确定。在计划的工作中，我们将研究HSP60功能的一个新方面-它在应激/损伤时从细胞质溶胶到质膜的易位，以及这种迁移对心脏细胞功能和活力的影响。关键问题是HSP60向质膜的移动是损伤的原因还是结果。这些实验将有助于描述单独运动HSP60膜是否会导致细胞死亡，以及阻止运动是否会防止细胞死亡。这项研究的长期目标是进一步了解心力衰竭进展的机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nearly 5 million Americans have heart failure, with 400,000 new cases diagnosed annually. Most treatment is aimed at stemming the downward spiral of heart failure, but despite vigorous attempts to dissect the underlying mechanisms, much remains to be understood. The heat shock proteins (HSP) are a ubiquitous family of endogenous, protective proteins with high sequence conservation across species. Previously, we observed that the cardioprotective HSP60, normally a mitochondrial and cytosolic protein, is abnormally localized in the plasma membrane in the failing human heart. We have determined that acute hypoxic injury in rat cardiac myocytes precipitates translocation of cytosolic HSP60 to the plasma membrane. Cytosolic HSP60 complexes with the pro-apoptotic bax in the normal heart, and reduction in HSP60 will precipitate myocyte apoptosis. Our central hypothesis is that membrane localization of HSP60 mediates cardiac myocyte damage and cell death. We specifically hypothesize that cellular stress/injury causes phosphorylation/myristoylation of cytosolic HSP60 resulting in HSP60 translocating to the plasma membrane, We will address this hypothesis with three Specific Aims: 1. Determine the Mechanism of Translocation of HSP60 to the Plasma Membrane with Stress. Identify modifications of HSP60 that account for change in cellular localization with injury, and pinpoint signaling pathways involved in the observed modifications. 2. Determine the Function of Membrane Localization of HSP60 with Stress - HSP60 translocates from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane with stress. We hypothesize that the presence of HSP60 in the membrane is detrimental to the heart, and will test this by expressing mutated HSP60 with altered localization in myocytes. We will also identify membrane proteins that interact with HSP60. 3. Define the Mechanism of the HSP60/bax Interaction - HSP60 and bax form a complex in the cytosol. We postulate that this interaction between HSP60 and bax is important for preventing apoptosis. The underlying mechanism of regulation of this interaction is unknown, and will be identified in the planned experiments. In the planned work, we will study a novel aspect of HSP60 function - its translocation with stress/injury from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, and the effect of this migration on cardiac cell function and viability. The key issue is whether the movement of HSP60 to the plasma membrane is a cause vs. a consequence of injury. These experiments will help delineate whether movement of HSP60 the membrane alone will precipitate cell death, and whether preventing movement will prevent cell death. The long-term goal of this research initiative is to further understand the mechanisms underlying heart failure's progression.