fMRI to inform the Components of Cognitive Architecture

描述(申请人提供)：这个项目的目标是使用脑成像和认知架构来相互告知对方。已经开发了一个框架，将认知架构中的过程映射到在功能磁共振成像中获得的BOLD功能。给大脑区域分配一个过程，就有可能对这些区域在一系列任务中获得的大胆功能的确切形式做出先验预测。这可以作为链接，使功能磁共振成像能够为认知处理理论的任何明确规定的理论提供新的测试，并指导该理论的未来发展。更具体地说，这项研究将着眼于ACT-R理论对四个一般认知领域的预测。第一个涉及代数弦操作任务，该理论已经就其对运动区、后顶叶成像区和前额叶提取区的同时预测进行了实质上的测试。第二个任务涉及各种目标操纵任务，其预期是在下目的目标时，背外侧前额叶区域将被激活。第三个实验涉及一组涉及扇形效应的提取任务，其预期结果将详细说明ACT-R理论到前额叶提取区域的映射。除了指导ACT-R理论的发展外，这项研究还将有助于开发利用功能磁共振研究来研究更高水平认知功能的概念性工具。推进脑成像到更高水平的认知功能的映射对于许多应用是重要的，包括与健康相关的努力，如了解认知功能障碍的基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to use brain imaging and cognitive architectures to mutually inform one another. A framework has been developed to map the processes in a cognitive architecture onto the BOLD function obtained in fMRI imaging. Given an assignment of processes to brain regions it is possible to make a priori predictions about the exact form of the BOLD function obtained in these regions across a range of tasks. This can serve as the link that enables fMRI imaging to provide novel tests of any well specified theory of cognitive processing theory and to direct the future development of that theory. More specifically, the research will look at predictions of the ACT-R theory for four general cognitive domains. The first involves algebraic string manipulation tasks for which the theory has already been substantially tested with respect to its simultaneous predictions for a motor area, a posterior parietal imagery area, and a prefrontal retrieval area. The second involves various goal-manipulation tasks for which the expectation is that dorsolateral prefrontal regions will be active during subgoaling. The third involves a set of retrieval tasks involving the fan effect for which the expectation is that the results will elaborate the mapping of the ACT-R theory onto prefrontal retrieval regions. In addition to directing the development of the ACT-R theory this research will serve to develop the conceptual tools for using fMRI research to study higher-level cognitive functioning. Advancing the mapping of brain imaging to higher-level cognitive function is important for many applications including health-related efforts such as understanding the basis of cognitive dysfunctions.