Structures of priming and recombination complexes

描述（由申请人提供）：DNA复制叉的连续移动需要在滞后链处引发以产生每个冈崎片段，以及引发酶和复制DNA聚合酶的协调作用。单链DNA噬菌体G4（G4 ori）的复制起点是一个简单的DNA复制启动系统，它只需要E.大肠杆菌引发酶（dnaG）和单链DNA结合蛋白（SSB）。G4 ori由紧邻起始三核苷酸5 '-CTG-3'的5'侧的三个茎-环组成，并且在被SSB四聚体饱和结合后，将形成可被dnaG引发酶识别的独特结构。然后，模块引发酶的三个结构域协同结合G4 ori起始位点以合成引物RNA。一个278个核苷酸的G4 ori片段（G4 ori 278），连同两个dnaG引物和四个SSB四聚体，可以形成一个最小的活性引发复合物适合于结构研究。复制叉的连续运动也需要在DNA损伤位点进行重组修复，recF重组途径的recFOR复合物是复制和重组的介质。这些复制和重组复合物的结构信息将有助于我们理解复制机制的功能。为此，我们提出了三组实验：1）确定SSB-G4 ori 278的双组分复合物和SSB与lacZ基因片段的复合物的X射线结构。这些结构将帮助我们理解功能性G4 ori的结构形成，以及SSB的ssDNA结合模式。2)确定引发酶-SSB-G4 ori 278三组分复合物的X射线结构，这将揭示引发酶-G4 ori相互作用以及引发酶-SSB相互作用的细节。3)确定recR的X射线结构，并结晶其他蛋白质，以及recF途径中的复合物。获得这些蛋白质和复合物的结构信息将作为理解重组修复的重要一步。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The continuous movement of the DNA replication fork requires priming at the lagging strand to make each Okazaki fragment, as well as a coordinated action of primases and the replicative DNA polymerase. The replication origin of the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) bacteriophage G4 (G4ori) is a simple system of priming for DNA replication; it needs only the E. coli primase (dnaG) and the single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB). G4ori consists of three stem-loops located immediately on the 5' side of the initiation trinucleotide 5'-CTG-3' and, upon saturated binding by SSB tetramers, will form a unique structure recognizable by dnaG primase. The three domains of the modular primase then bind the G4ori initiation site cooperatively to synthesize the primer RNA. A 278 nucleotide fragment of G4ori (G4ori278), together with two dnaG primases and four SSB tetramers, can form a minimal active priming complex suitable for structural investigations. The continuous movement of the replication fork also requires recombinational repair at sites of DNA damage and recFOR complexes of the recF recombination pathway are mediators of replication and recombination. Structural information of these replication and recombination complexes will help us understand the function of the replication machineries. Toward this goal, we propose three sets of experiments: 1) To determine the X-ray structures of the two-component complex of SSB-G4ori278 and a complex of SSB with a fragment of the lacZ gene. These structures will help us understand the structural formation of the functional G4ori, as well as SSB's modes of ssDNA-binding. 2) To determine the X-ray structure of the three-component complex of primase-SSB-G4ori278, which will reveal details of the primase- G4ori interaction, as well as the primase-SSB interaction. 3) To determine the X-ray structure of recR and to crystallize other proteins, as well as complexes in the recF pathway. Obtaining the structural information of these proteins and complexes will serve as an important step in understanding the recombinational repair.