Transcultural Perspectives on Republican Shanghai: A Comparative Study of Chinese and European Literary Manifestations

我的项目将研究民国时期上海的文化交融现象，这些现象反映在中国和欧洲作家的文学翻译和创作中。我认为现代上海是一个“接触区”（玛丽·路易丝·普拉特，1991），本地和外国作家（如张若谷、周守娟、田涵、穆世英、乔治·苏利奥尔·德·莫朗、安德烈·马尔罗和艾米丽·哈恩）作为跨文化代理人，这种方法很少被学术界采用。李欧凡和张颖静的研究分析了现代上海在中国文学和文化中的表现。然而，这些数据很少是基于中国以外的来源；中国本土作家对上海的异域化描写在文学中仍然被忽视。彭小燕和陈朔温的研究虽然触及了民国上海的跨文化现象，但大多局限于中国作家对法国文学的批评和模仿，而没有考虑他们通过文学创作所表达的主观情感。我的项目旨在回答两个主要的研究问题：在中国和欧洲作家的文学作品中，跨文化主义现象是如何呈现的？翻译在创作文化混合作品中扮演什么角色？我的论文是，研究中国和欧洲作家在文学翻译和创作中所表现出的上海民国的文化杂交性，是克服文化是“密封盒子”概念的关键（吉福德，2016），展示人类经历的相似程度，并从不同文化背景的作者那里获得对上海民国的更细致入微的理解

My project will investigate the phenomenon of cultural intermingling in Republican-era Shanghaireflected in literary translation and creation of Chinese and European authors. I consider modernShanghai as a 'contact zone' (Mary Louise Pratt, 1991) where local and foreign writers (e.g. ZhangRuogu, Zhou Shoujuan, Tian Han, Mu Shiying, George Soulié de Morant, André Malraux and Emily Hahn)act as transcultural agents, an approach that has rarely been adopted by academics. Previous studies byLeo Ou-Fan Lee and Zhang Yingjing analyse how modern Shanghai is represented in Chinese literatureand culture. However, few of these are based on sources external to China; exoticised representations ofShanghai by local Chinese authors are still neglected in the literature. Although studies by Peng Hsiaoyen and Chen Shuo-win approach the transcultural phenomena in Republican Shanghai, they are mostlylimited to the Chinese authors' criticism and imitation of French literature, without considering theirsubjective sensibilities as expressed through literary creations.My project seeks to answer two principal research questions: how is the phenomenon of transculturalismpresented in Chinese and European writers' literary works? What is the role of translation in producingculturally hybrid works? My thesis is that investigating cultural hybridity in Republican Shanghai asmanifested in literary translation and creation by Chinese and European authors is key to overcoming thenotion of cultures as 'sealed boxes' (Giffard, 2016), showing how similar human experiences can be andgaining a more nuanced understanding of Republican Shanghai from authors with different culturalbackgrounds