JULIET

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。确定增加身体活动（PA）的方法对于控制肥胖及其合并症（包括2型糖尿病）的流行至关重要。由于未知的原因，肥胖后的女性和黑人女性似乎特别容易体重增加。为了扩展我们目前的研究，以检验运动训练的有效性，以改善自由生活的PA，进而改善能量平衡和体重控制。具体而言，我们假设阻力运动训练比有氧和无运动训练更有效：1)增加日常生活体力活动的生理轻松度和自发参与；2)增加肥胖黑人和白人女性的每日总能量消耗和减肥维持。肥胖的绝经前黑人和白人妇女将被随机分为仅节食组、节食+有氧组或节食+阻力运动训练组。在整个18个月的研究期间，将提供饮食/行为干预，无论是否进行有氧或阻力运动训练。机体成分的变化将通过四室模型进行评估，胰岛素抵抗则通过胰岛素改良、频繁采样的静脉葡萄糖耐量试验进行评估。主要结果将包括运动感知和生理困难的测量（心脏、通气、对标准化运动任务的肌电反应）；有氧运动;力量适能（等长测试）；自发自由生活PA、活动相关能量消耗、非运动活动产热和每日自由生活总能量消耗（均来自双标签水）。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Identifying ways to increase physical activity (PA) is paramount to controlling the epidemic of obesity and its co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes. For unknown reasons, post-obese women and black women appear to be especially prone to weight gain. To extend our current studies in order to examine the effectiveness of exercise training to improve free-living PA and, in turn, energy balance and weight control. Specifically, we hypothesize that resistance exercise training will be more effective than aerobic and no exercise training in 1) increasing the physiologic ease of, and spontaneous engagement in physical activities of daily living, and 2) increasing total daily energy expenditure and weight-loss maintenance of obese black and white women. Obese premenopausal black and white women will be randomized to either diet-only, diet+aerobic or diet+resistance exercise training groups. Diet/behavior intervention, with or without the aerobic or resistance exercise training, will be provided throughout the 18 months of study. Changes in body composition will be assessed by the 4-compartment model, and insulin resistance by the insulin modified, frequently-sampled intravenous glucose, tolerance test. Major outcomes will include measures of perceived and physiologic difficulty of exercise (cardiac, ventilatory, electromyographic responses to standardized exercise tasks); aerobic fitness; strength fitness (isometric tests); and spontaneous free-living PA, activity-related energy expenditure, non-exercise activity thermaogenesis, and total daily free-living energy expenditure (all derived from doubly labeled water).