Cobots: Understanding the implementation of collaborative robots in health and social care.

协作式护理机器人（Cobots）是一种创新类型的机器人，用于在共享工作空间内与护理人员直接协作。Cobot中的传感器分析护工的运动，从而通过支持良好的人体工程学、步态康复和增强肌肉力量来响应帮助。它有助于避免护理人员非常费力和经常重复的工作，如移动病人和进行剧烈的身体活动。虽然需要照顾的老年人数量正在增加，但由于体力紧张，愿意选择保健工作者工作的人越来越少。协作机器人旨在支持和减轻护理人员的工作量。到目前为止，产生的证据主要是关于机器人外骨骼的工业用途。开展一项探索性研究将概述当前护理人员对协作机器人以用户为中心设计的做法，并测试每位老年人使用一名护理人员的可行性。这项研究计划还旨在帮助集中研究工作，以支持协作机器人在更广泛的护理计划中的大规模部署。总的来说，日常工作和具体任务所需的工作人员将减少。一些研究人员报告说，由于目前的可用性标准没有规定具体的安全评估方法，因此缺乏明确的方法来满足危害和风险分析的要求。还可以讨论协作机器人的好处、风险和局限性。

Collaborative robots in care, 'Cobots' are an innovative type of robots that are intended for direct collaboration with careworkers within a shared workspace. The sensors in the Cobot analyse the movement of the careworker and hence responds to assistance by supporting good ergonomics, gait rehabilitation and augmenting muscular strength. It helps in avoiding the very laborious and often repetitive work of careworkers like moving patients and undertaking strenuous physical activity. While the number of elderly people in need of care is rising, fewer people are willing to choose the healthcare worker job due to the high physical strain. Cobots are intended to support and relieve the workload of the careworkers. So far the evidence generated is mostly about the industrial use of robotic exoskeletons. Conducting an exploratory study will provide an overview of current practice among the careworkers regarding the user-centred design of Cobots and test the feasibility of using one carer per elderly. This research proposal also intends to help in focussing research efforts to support the large scale deployment of Cobots in a wider programme of care. Overall, less staff will be needed for routine work and specific tasks. Several researchers have reported a lack of clarity about how to bridge the requirements to meet hazard and risk analysis, as the current usability standards do not prescribe a specific safety assessment method. The benefits, risks, and limitations of Cobots can also be discussed.