Context & Correlates of Health Behaviors in South India

描述（由申请人提供）：印度估计有510万人感染艾滋病毒，仅次于南非。Tripathi最近的一项定性研究发现，饮酒在几个艾滋病毒高危人群中很常见。深度访谈表明，这些群体的成员可能通过饮酒来应对压力，增强愉悦感和表现，他们的饮酒可能与艾滋病毒风险有关。我们对孟买男性性病患者的定量研究表明，报告在酒精影响下与女性性工作者发生性行为的男性也更有可能报告与这些伴侣发生无保护措施的性行为。然而，没有获得关于酒精或药物使用模式、酒精或药物使用背景或预期的数据。因此，尽管在一些印度人口群体和环境中证明了酒精与艾滋病毒风险之间的联系，但对这种关系的性质所知甚少。目前的研究就是为了满足这一需求而设计的。它利用健康行为的信息-动机-行为（1MB）模型，结合性别和赋权理论的结构，来指导研究措施的选择和试点干预的设计。这项研究将特里帕蒂的工作扩展到印度南部的男性移民工人（MMW）和女性性工作者（FSW）。拟议的研究还将建立印度科学家和工作人员的研究能力，涉及两个南印度非政府组织的YRG Care扩大合作伙伴；一个在泰米尔纳德邦金奈建立的艾滋病研究组织。具体来说，我们建议在奇拉拉邦、安得拉邦和喀拉拉邦卡利卡特招募参与者：

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): India is estimated to have 5.1 million people living with HIV infection, making it second only to South Africa. A recent qualitative study by Tripathi found that alcohol consumption is common in several subpopulations who are also at high risk for HIV. In-depth interviews suggest that members of these groups may drink to cope with stress, to enhance pleasure and performance, and that their alcohol use may be related to HIV risk taking. Our quantitative research with male STD patients in Mumbai showed that men who reported sex with female sex workers under the influence of alcohol were also more likely to report unprotected sex with these partners. However, no data were obtained on alcohol or drug use patterns, the context of alcohol or substance use, or on expectancies. Thus, although the link between alcohol and HIV risk taking has been demonstrated in some Indian population groups and settings, very little is known about the nature of this relationship. The current study has been designed to meet this need. It utilizes the Information-Motivation-Behavior (1MB) model of health behavior, incorporating constructs from gender and empowerment theory, to guide the selection of study measures and the design of a pilot intervention. The study extends Tripathi's work to male migrant workers (MMW) and female sex workers (FSW) in South India. The proposed study will also build research capacity of Indian scientists and staff by involving two South Indian NGO scale-up partners of YRG Care; an established AIDS research organization in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Specifically, we propose to recruit participants in Chirala, Andhra Pradesh and Calicut, Kerala to: 1. Examine qualitatively: a) patterns and contexts of alcohol consumption; b) sexual risk taking patterns; c) culturally- and population-specific factors; and d) the relationship between motivation, alcohol consumption, its social context and sexual behaviors among MMWs and FSWs in these settings. 2. Develop and administer a theory-driven, quantitative survey to measure a) the prevalence and patterns of sexual risk taking and alcohol consumption; b) sexual risk taking patterns, c) model-specific variables; and d) the relationship between sexual risk taking, type and context of alcohol consumption and other motivational, interpersonal, sociocultural and contextual variables in the target populations. 3. Develop, implement and pilot test a culturally-specific, theoretically-guided and empirically-based risk reduction intervention in collaboration with our Indian partners as well as with local and regional alcohol researchers, health care providers, public health officials and NGO representatives to reduce HIV risk taking in the context of alcohol use among South Indian sex workers and migrant workers.