The late Renaissance Humanism of Marie de Gournay

在博士学习的过程中，我希望研究一下哲学家、翻译家、文学评论家和蒙田《散文》的编辑玛丽·德·古尔奈的著作。在她多产的职业生涯中，古尔内创办了一家文学沙龙，出版了《塔西图斯》的翻译，一卷诗集和两部关于女性平等的作品。与早期学者专注于古尔奈与她的知识分子父亲蒙田的友谊不同，我希望用古尔奈后来的著作来思考她在《散文集》出版后半个世纪的思想演变。尽管古尔奈的全部作品具有异质性和令人印象深刻的广度，但她后来的作品似乎为早期现代思想的历史学家提出了两个特别有趣的主题。首先是古尔奈对古代文本权威的近乎教条的信仰。事实上，她用经典的例子来支持她的女性平等论点，也许1622年她的论文《Egalitédes Hommes et des Femmes》就是最好的例证。这最后一点暗示了古尔奈作品研究中出现的第二个主要主题，即她对女性理性的日益有力的论证以及她与女性质问者的接触。在读博士期间，我希望思考古尔奈如何能够用经典的例子来支持她的女权主义论点，当时古人的权威正受到皮罗尼怀疑论者和笛卡尔理性主义者的围攻。

Over the course of doctoral study, I hope to consider the writings of the philosopher, translator, literary critic, and editor ofMontaigne's 'Essais,' Marie de Gournay. During her prolific career Gournay created a literary salon, published atranslation of Tacitus, a volume of poetry, and two works on female equality. Unlike earlier scholars, who have focusedexclusively upon Gournay's friendship with her intellectual 'father' Montaigne, I hope to use Gournay's later writings toconsider the evolution of her thought in the half-century after the publication of the 'Essais.' Despite the heterogeneityand impressive scope of Gournay's oeuvre, her later writings seem to present two particularly interesting themes for thehistorian of early modern ideas. The first is Gournay's near-dogmatic belief in the authority of ancient texts. Indeed, sheregularly employs classical examples to support her arguments for female equality, as perhaps best illustrated by her1622 treatise 'Egalité des hommes et des femmes.' This final point alludes to the second major theme that emerges fromthe study of Gournay's writings, namely her increasingly powerful arguments for female rationality and her engagementwith the querelle des femmes. During this PhD, I hope to consider the ways in which Gournay was able to use classicalexamples to support her feminist arguments at a time when the authority of the ancients was under siege from bothPyrrhonian sceptics and Cartesian rationalists.