Post-Partition Shakespeare: Northern Ireland's Bard in History, Politics and Culture (1921-Present)

本论文将考察自1921年分治以来莎士比亚在北爱尔兰的文化意义。在全球莎士比亚作品的基础上，它利用了从基本上没有得到承认的北爱尔兰档案中提取的案例研究，包括戏剧作品、社区戏剧、小说、诗歌、教育、电影和材料痕迹/建筑。通过探索美学和政治维度，论文论证了莎士比亚的戏剧--它们的动员和接受--塑造了北爱尔兰的物质、文学、教育和戏剧结构。追溯脆弱的国家和全球文学偶像之间的联系，论文提出了莎士比亚在冲突和冲突后局势中的适用性和实用性。研究问题：1.莎士比亚戏剧的动员和接受如何塑造了北爱尔兰的物质、文学、教育和戏剧遗产？2.几代北爱尔兰导演、作家和社区翻译如何复制他的戏剧？3.莎士比亚的物质痕迹在哪些方面是北爱尔兰建筑景观的一部分？4.莎士比亚在北爱尔兰的政治意义是什么？在危机时刻，莎士比亚是如何被用来改变围绕语言、身份和国家地位的争论的？5.所获得的知识如何有助于莎士比亚、爱尔兰和全球莎士比亚的更广泛的辩论？研究背景近年来，关于莎士比亚在爱尔兰的意义的研究激增。贝茨(2008)、斯坦伯格(2008)、克莱尔和奥尼尔(2010)、普茨(2013)和泰勒-柯林斯(2018)等评论家的研究证明了这一领域的活力。然而，北爱尔兰因没有出现在这些研究中而引人注目。这种关键的隐形性意味着爱尔兰莎士比亚作品中嵌入的不连续和争议点被忽略了。最近的2021年北爱尔兰百年纪念日使纠正变得紧迫。这篇论文涵盖了一百年来在起伏不定的环境中与莎士比亚的接触(包括民权骚乱、《麻烦》、耶稣受难日协议的遗产和冲突后时代)，认为莎士比亚的戏剧--它们的动员和接受--塑造了北爱尔兰的物质、文学、教育和戏剧结构。它建立在迄今为数不多的相关研究的基础上，包括Wray(2011)关于米奇B(2007)-一部改编自电影《麦克白内幕》的电影-Corcoran(2020)关于希尼和其他北爱尔兰诗人对莎士比亚的依赖，以及科尔曼(2011)关于阿尔斯特新教莎士比亚修辞的研究。这些孤立的研究表明，将北爱尔兰纳入对话将使我们对莎士比亚在爱尔兰的感觉变得复杂，并提供一个新的理解，让人们了解莎士比亚在一个相互冲突的社区中是如何被理解的。作为第一次全面探讨莎士比亚在后分治时代北爱尔兰的意义，本论文将在充满活力的全球莎士比亚领域激起更广泛的辩论，并推动北爱尔兰莎士比亚进入更加多元化和多样化的讨论。我将使用一种跨学科的方法，将历史、政治、表演和文化研究结合起来，重点放在材料上。

This thesis will examine the cultural significance of Shakespeare in Northern Ireland since Partition (1921-present). Building on work in Global Shakespeares, it utilises case-studies drawn from a largely unacknowledged Northern Irish archive, including theatrical productions, community theatre, fiction, poetry, education, film and material traces/architecture. Exploring aesthetic and political dimensions, the thesis demonstrates that Shakespeare's plays - their mobilisation and reception - have shaped the material, literary, educational and theatrical fabric of Northern Ireland. Tracing connections between a fragile state and a global literary icon, the thesis makes a case for Shakespeare's applicability and utility in a conflict and post-conflict situation.Research Questions:1.How has the mobilisation and reception of Shakespeare's plays shaped Northern Ireland's material, literary, educational and theatrical heritage?2.How have his plays been reproduced by generations of Northern Irish directors, writers and community interpreters? 3.In what ways are material traces of Shakespeare part of Northern Ireland's architectural landscape? 4.What has been the political significance of Shakespeare in Northern Ireland? How has Shakespeare been used in moments of crisis and in changing debates around language, identity and nationhood?5.How can the knowledge gained contribute to wider debates in Shakespeare and Ireland and Global Shakespeares?Research ContextWork on the significance of Shakespeare in Ireland has proliferated in recent years. Studies by critics such as Bates (2008), Steinberger (2008), Clare and O'Neill (2010), Putz (2013) and Taylor-Collins (2018) testify to the field's vitality. Northern Ireland, however, is conspicuous by its absence in these studies. This critical invisibility means that the discontinuities and points of contestation embedded in Irish Shakespeares are passed over.The recent 2021 Northern Ireland centenary makes the corrective urgent. Encompassing one hundred years of engagement with Shakespeare across an undulating environment (including civil rights disturbances, the 'Troubles', the legacies of the Good Friday Agreement and the post-conflict era), this thesis argues that Shakespeare's plays - their mobilisation and reception - have shaped Northern Ireland's material, literary, educational and theatrical fabric. It builds on the promise of the few relevant studies conducted so far, including Wray (2011) on Mickey B (2007) - a film adaptation which reads Macbeth inside the 'Troubles' - Corcoran (2020) on the Shakespearean dependencies of Heaney and other Northern Irish poets, and Coleman (2011) on Ulster Protestant Shakespearean rhetoric. These isolated studies suggest that bringing Northern Ireland into the conversation will complicate our sense of Shakespeare in Ireland as well as offering a fresh understanding of how Shakespeare is understood in a conflicted community. As the first comprehensive exploration of the significance of Shakespeare in Post-Partition Northern Ireland, the thesis will invigorate wider debates in the vibrant area of Global Shakespeares and push Northern Irish Shakespeares into more plural and diverse discussion. I will utilise an interdisciplinary methodology which combines history, politics, and performance and cultural studies with a focus on the material.