Parental Alcoholism and Adolescent Psychological Adjustment

描述（由申请人提供）：这个指导研究科学家发展申请的主要目标是为候选人提供额外的培训和改进研究技能的机会，以便她可以成为一个完全独立的研究者。尽管这位候选人有令人尊敬的出版记录，但她的资助经验却比较有限。候选人的长期目标是有一个研究项目，重点研究可能调解和/或缓和父母酗酒和后代适应之间关系的变量。她的近期目标是达到本申请职业发展计划中提出的目标。候选人概述了为期五年的强化培训，包括指导，统计建模（特别是结构方程建模和分层线性建模）的高级培训，资助和研究的道德行为。除了这些培训活动外，职业发展计划的一个主要重点将是进行一项短期纵向研究，检查可能缓和父母酗酒与青少年适应之间关系的社会心理变量。本研究的主要目标是：1)检查个人特征（如自我价值、应对能力）是否调节父母酗酒与青少年时期适应之间的关系，以及这些潜在调节因素施加影响的方式是否随着时间的推移而改变；2)确定个人环境的各个方面（如家庭、学校、同伴环境）是否在父母酗酒与青春期适应之间的关系中起着显著的调节作用，以及特定的环境影响是否随着时间的推移而改变；3)检查个人特征与其环境之间是否存在相互作用，这可能会影响青少年心理或药物滥用问题的发展；4)探讨所提出的调节变量是否直接或通过潜在和/或睡眠者效应对父母酒精中毒与青少年适应的关系产生影响；5)研究父母酗酒与青少年适应关系的调节变量是否因青少年的性别和/或父母的性别而不同。576名青少年和他们的父母将在他们上九年级时和一年后上十年级时收到一份自我报告问卷。这些措施将评估父母的药物使用、青少年的心理调整（例如，抑郁、焦虑、药物滥用）和各种社会心理变量，这些变量被假设为调节父母酗酒与青少年调整（例如，应对技巧、家庭功能、学校参与）之间的关系。从这项研究中获得的数据将主要使用候选人将在培训期间获得的高级统计技术/技能（例如，结构方程建模）进行分析。此外，这些数据将作为一个更大、更广泛、长期的纵向调查的基础，旨在研究父母酗酒与青少年心理适应之间关系的潜在过程。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this Mentored Research Scientist Development application is to provide the candidate with additional training and the opportunity for the refinement of research skills so she may become a fully independent investigator. Although the candidate has a respectable publication record, her grantsmanship experience is more limited. The candidate's long-term goal is to have a program of research that focuses on variables that may mediate and/or moderate the relationship between parental alcoholism and offspring adjustment. Her immediate goals are to meet the objectives proposed in the career development plan of this application. The candidate has outlined a five-year intensive training period consisting of mentoring, advanced training in statistical modeling (particularly structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear modeling), grantsmanship, and the ethical conduct of research. In addition to these training activities, a major focus of the career development plan will be the conduct of a short-term longitudinal study examining psychosocial variables that may moderate the relationship between parental alcoholism and adolescent adjustment. The primary goals of the proposed research study are to: 1) examine whether characteristics of the individual (e.g., self-worth, coping abilities) moderate the relationship between parental alcoholism and adjustment during adolescence, and whether the manner in which these potential moderators exert their influence changes over time; 2) determine whether aspects of the individual's context (e.g., family, school, peer contexts) play significant moderating roles in the relationship between parental alcoholism and adjustment during adolescence, and whether specific contextual influences change over time; 3) examine whether interactions occur between characteristics of the individual and his or her context which may influence the adolescent's development of psychological or substance abuse problems; 4) explore whether the proposed moderating variables exert their effects on the relationship between parental alcoholism and adolescent adjustment directly or via latent and/or sleeper effects; and 5) examine whether the effects of the proposed moderating variables on the relationship between parental alcoholism and adolescent adjustment differ depending on the gender of the adolescent and/or the gender of the parent. Five hundred and seventy six adolescents and their parents will be administered a packet of self-report questionnaires when the adolescents are in the 9th grade and a year later when they are in the 10th grade. The measures will assess parental substance use, adolescent psychological adjustment (e.g., depression, anxiety, substance abuse) and a variety of psychosocial variables that are hypothesized to moderate the relationship between parental alcoholism and adolescent adjustment (e.g., coping techniques, family functioning, school involvement). The data obtained from this study primarily will be analyzed using the advanced statistical techniques/skills (e.g., structural equation modeling) that the candidate will acquire during the training period. In addition, this data will be used as a foundation for a larger, more extensive, long-term longitudinal investigation designed to examine the underlying processes involved in the relationship between parental alcoholism and adolescent psychological adjustment.