Supporting the T in LGBT: Increasing Motivation for Collective Action for the Transgender Community Among Cisgender Sexual Minorities

LGBT+群体代表了一系列性别和性少数群体，他们在历史上一直为争取平等权利和被接受而斗争。骄傲游行、抗议、示威和提高认识运动只是LGBT+成员用来对抗歧视和仇恨犯罪的一些集体行动。然而，尽管性少数群体已经取得了一些显著的进步（例如，同性婚姻在许多国家合法化），但变性人（LGBT中的T）的类似进步却落后了。这种对跨性别者权利的不热情支持在许多群体中都很明显，但更令人惊讶的是，它也渗透到LGB+群体中。这在定性研究中得到了证明，变性人报告说他们受到LGB+成员的孤立、排斥甚至歧视（Hutsell, 2012; Parameter et al, 2020）。考虑到跨性别者经历了过多的其他困难（例如，暴力仇恨犯罪和自杀率上升），进一步调查LGBT+社区内部缺乏支持的问题至关重要（Williams Institute, 2022, 2020）。首先，有必要了解为什么在LGB+人群中对跨性别权利的支持并不强，通过探索在一些LGB+人群中对跨性别权利的负面态度和缺乏支持的原因。最后，探讨如何通过理解促使LGB+个体通过集体行动为LGBT中的T挺身而出的因素来有效地促进这种支持。在ESRC SWDTP的支持下，我计划对这个在研究界被忽视的重要问题提出新的见解。我将在一系列至少三个混合方法研究和一些后续研究中这样做，如果需要的话。事实上，我已经开始设计一项试点研究，作为我在埃克塞特大学硕士学位的一部分，在我的导师Begeny博士和Barreto教授的指导下，我们将开始调查LGB+跨性别权利集体行动的不同潜在预测因素。在这个硕士研究（横断面数据）的基础上，我将进行一系列的研究，这些研究将逐渐旨在制定适当的干预措施来促进这些意图。每一项拟议的研究都将控制硕士项目中调查的个体差异因素。LGB+参与者将通过高产学术网站招募，目前该网站有19,438人可供招募。拟议的项目旨在通过研究一个没有明显优势群体的集体行动的例子来补充集体行动的文献，并填补其理论的空白（Hassler et al, 2020）。除了增加理论进步之外，它还希望通过开始集体行动干预的发展，为通常非常消极的研究领域提供一个令人耳目一新的前景。研究结果希望能够传播给各种包容性LGBTQ+和跨性别慈善机构和组织（如Stonewall和Mermaids）。

The LGBT+ community represents a range of gender and sexual minorities who have fought for equal rights and acceptance throughout history. Pride parades, protests, demonstrations, and awareness-raising campaigns are just some of the collective actions that LGBT+ members utilise to combat discrimination and hates crimes. Yet while there has been some marked progress for sexual minorities (i.e., legalisation of same-sex marriage in many countries), similar progress for transgender people -the T in the LGBT- has lagged behind. This somewhat unenthusiastic support for transgender rights is evident across many groups, however, more surprisingly it also permeates the LGB+ community. This is evidenced in qualitative research as transgender people report experiencing isolation, exclusion, and even discrimination from LGB+ members (Hutsell, 2012; Parameter et al, 2020). Taken together with the fact that transgender people experience a plethora of other hardships (e.g., elevated levels of violent hate crimes and suicidality), it is vital that this lack of support inside the LGBT+ community is investigated further (Williams Institute, 2022, 2020). Firstly, it is essential to understand why support for transgender rights is not stronger among LGB+ people, by exploring what underpins negative attitudes and the lack of support for transgender rights among some LGB+ individuals. Ultimately, then exploring how to effectively boost this support by understanding factors that encourage LGB+ individuals to stand up for the T in LGBT through collective actions.With the support of the ESRC SWDTP, I plan to shed new light on this important, yet overlooked issue within the research community. I will do so across a series of at least three mixed-methodological studies and some follow up studies as and where needed. In fact, I have already started designing a pilot study as part of my MSc degree at Exeter under the supervision of my proposed supervisors, Dr Begeny and Prof. Barreto, where we will start to investigate different potential predictors of LGB+ collective action for transgender rights. Building upon this MSc study (cross-sectional data), I will run a series of studies that will cumulatively aim to develop an appropriate intervention to boost these intentions. Each of the proposed studies will control for the individual difference factors investigated in the MSc project. LGB+ participants will be recruited using Prolific Academic, where there are currently 19,438 available for recruitment.The proposed project aims to add to the collective action literature and fill a gap in its theory by examining an example of collective action in which there is no clear advantaged group (Hassler et al, 2020). In addition to adding to theoretical advancements it is hoped to provide a refreshing outlook on what is often a very negative field of research, by starting the development of a collective action intervention. The findings of the study are hoped to be disseminated to various inclusive LGBTQ+ and transgender charities and organisations (e.g., Stonewall and Mermaids).