Dispersal and Phylogeography of Aedes aegypti

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目调查了佛罗里达南部黄热病蚊子埃及伊蚊线粒体和微卫星基因座遗传变异的空间分布。埃及伊蚊是一种居住在容器中的蚊子，是黄热病和登革热病毒的主要传播媒介。扩散、殖民化和再殖民化（例如，因此，了解埃及伊蚊这一极其重要物种的种群结构以及了解其传播潜力的关键过程，因为传播可能会削弱当地的病媒控制工作，并可能影响人类健康。我们结合联合收割机分子种群遗传学，地理学，景观生态学和地理信息系统来测试两个假设的扩散，基因流，和人口结构的山慈菇。埃及伊蚊S.佛罗里达。假设1：容器持久性和人类运输影响埃及伊蚊的遗传结构和扩散模式在城市地区的规模。为了检验这一假设，我们将量化的差异，在基因流模式所产生的不同量的自然和人为辅助的传播的人口中发现的永久与短暂的容器在坦帕和迈阿密。假设2：由人类土地利用决定的扩散走廊和障碍影响埃及伊蚊在佛罗里达半岛尺度上的基因流动模式。为了验证这一假设，我们将进行Ae的地理分析。应用GIS工具并将我们对种群之间遗传距离和地理距离的测量结果进行关联，对佛罗里达南部东海岸和西海岸的埃及种群进行了研究。这项拟议的工作是重要的，因为：1）它将有助于理解这一非常重要的载体的传播，基因流动和定殖，并指出可能的传播路线和地理规模，其中再定殖（例如，在根除之后）可能发生。亚热带气候和来自热带的人类移民使佛罗里达成为美国大陆最有可能成为Ae的焦点地区。埃及传播的病毒。2)它将提供一个模型的方法来调查类似的问题，其他蚊子在人类占主导地位的景观。我们的地理采样策略，使用差异信息的mtDNA和微卫星DMA标记，整合GIS分析，明确测试的假设模式的基因流可以概括为解决类似的问题，为其他蚊子。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project investigates the spatial distribution of genetic variation at mitochondrial and micro-satellite loci for the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, in South Florida. Aedes aegypti is a container-dwelling mosquito that is a major vector of yellow fever and dengue viruses. Dispersal, colonization, and re-colonization (e.g., following control efforts) by Aedes aegypti are thus crucial processes for understanding population structure of this extremely important species, and for understanding its potential for spreading, which may erode local vector control efforts and potentially impact human health. We combine molecular population genetics, phylogeography, landscape ecology, and GIS to test two hypotheses about dispersal, gene flow, and population structure of Ae. aegypti in S. Florida. HYPOTHESIS 1: Container permanence and human transport affect genetic structure and dispersal pattern of Aedes aegypti at the scale of the urban area. To test this hypothesis, we will quantify differences in gene flow patterns arising from different amounts of natural and human-aided dispersal for populations found in permanent vs. ephemeral containers in Tampa and Miami. HYPOTHESIS 2: Dispersal corridors and barriers determined by human land use affect gene flow patterns in Aedes aegypti at the scale of the Florida peninsula. To test this hypothesis we will conduct a phylogeographic analysis of Ae. aegypti populations on the east and west coasts of south Florida, applying the tools of GIS and correlating our measures of genetic and geographis distances among populations. This proposed work is significant because: 1) It will contribute to the understanding of dispersal, gene flow, and colonization of this very important vector, and indicate likely dispersal routes and geographic scale over which re-colonization (e.g., after eradication) may occur. A subtropical climate and human immigration from the tropics make Florida the area of the continental US most likely to become a focus for Ae. aegypti borne viruses. 2) It will provide a model for approaches to investigating similar questions for other mosquitoes within human dominated landscapes. Our geographic sampling strategy, use of differentially informative mtDNA and microsatellite DMA markers, integration of GIS analysis, and explicit testing of hypotheses about patterns of gene flow can be generalized to address similar questions for other mosquitoes.