Historiography and the Hills: environmental thought and history-writing in western Britain during a long twelfth century (c.1070-1230)

我的项目通过分析这些文本和构建案例研究来将环境思想语境化，研究了英国西部中世纪史学（c.1070-1230）中环境思想的历史化。“环境思维”考虑的是（野生的或驯化的）非人类，从动物和植物到景观和气候。通过将思想历史化，我将分析随着时间的推移，非人类与人类之间的动态联系。我通过这些研究问题来解决这个问题：中世纪晚期的作者是如何把他们的环境想象成历史的产物的？这种想象又是如何变化的？2. 这些作家的历史化环境和当代环境之间的关系是什么？环境和景观的历史化与神学思想的关系是什么？手稿、体裁和语言语境如何影响作者对环境的历史化？虽然“英国西部”（西南英格兰、威尔士、西北英格兰和西南苏格兰）是一个综合区域，但它作为研究背景具有内部一致性。共享的历史书写文化将该地区内外的中心联系在一起。在环境方面，海洋和大气系统共同的气候影响通过不同的小气候提供了统一性。此外，后冰期地形奠定了景观分类中公认的统一性。我将使用1070-1230年写于“英国西部”的一套广泛的史学来回答问题1、3和4。这包括圣徒传记（如尼尼安和肯提根的生平，以及威尔士和康沃尔圣徒的哥达、兰达夫和维斯帕西亚生平），编年史和历史（如马尔姆斯伯里的威廉和瓦尔特·马普的作品《布鲁特·泰威索吉翁》）。此外，我将使用手稿上下文来找出与其他来源的联系，比如《罗兰之书》中的宪章，它们也将环境历史化。我将通过超越这些文本来解决问题1、2和4，选择具体的案例研究来处理古环境数据（这些数据是不完整的，需要小心应用）和记录，如宪章，将这些理解置于它们的物质环境中。这项工作的案例研究重点使详细的分析可以在区域范围内的项目时间框架内进行。利用史学来获取环境思想是一种新颖的方法，它将揭示在其自然背景下丰富纠缠的中世纪历史文化。我的方法将为环境文化历史知识提供一个暂时的细致入微的贡献，揭示作者“现在”和“当时”的环境以及这些差异的用途。认识到这些纠葛为这些来源和产生它们的社会提供了新的视角，影响了对两者的研究。这是一项应对21世纪挑战的历史性工作。

My project examines historicising environmental thought in medieval historiography (c.1070-1230) from western Britain, by analysing these texts and constructing case studies to contextualise environmental thought. 'Environmental thinking' is thought about (wild or tamed) non-humans from animals and plants to landscapes and climate. By focusing on historicising thought I will analyse thought about the dynamic connections between non-humans, and with humans, over time. I address this through these research questions:1. How did high medieval authors imagine their environments as historical products, and how did this change? 2. What is the relationship between the historicised and contemporary environments of these authors?3. What was the relationship of historicisations of environment and landscape to theological thought?4. How did manuscript, genre, and linguistic contexts influence how authors historicised their environments? Whilst 'western Britain' (South West England, Wales, North West England and South West Scotland) is a synthetic region, it has internal coherence as a context for research. A shared history-writing culture linked centres within and outside the region. Environmentally, a shared climatic influence from oceanic and atmospheric systems provided unity, mediated through diverse microclimates. Additionally, post-glacial topography underlaid the unities that have been recognised in landscape categorisations. I will address Questions 1, 3, and 4 textually using a broad set of historiography written c.1070-1230 in 'western Britain'. This includes Hagiographies (such as lives of Ninian and Kentigern, and the Gotha, Llandaf, and Vespasian lives of Welsh and Cornish Saints), and Chronicles and Histories (such as Brut y Tywysogion, the work of William of Malmsbury, and Walter Map). Additionally, I will use manuscript contexts to draw out connections with other sources, like the charters in the Book of Llandaf, that also historicise environments. I will address questions 1, 2 and 4 by moving beyond these texts, choosing specific case studies to work with paleoenvironmental data (which is patchy and needs to be applied with care) and records, like charters, to contextualise these understandings within their material environment. The case study focus of this work makes detailed analysis manageable for the timeframe of the project within the regional scope.Using historiography to access environmental thought is a novel approach, that will reveal a richly entangled high medieval historical culture in its natural context. My approach will give a temporally nuanced contribution to enviro-cultural historical knowledge, unpacking what was the environment 'now' and 'then' for authors and the uses of these differences. Recognising these entanglements casts new light on these sources and the societies that produced them, impacting the study of both. This is historical work that responds to the challenges of the twenty-first century.