Young People's Experiences of Living with Chronic Pain and its Impact on Social Connectedness with Peers

目的：探讨和描述年轻人的生活与慢性疼痛的经验，其对社会连接与peer.Design和方法的影响：参与者是合格的，如果年龄在11 - 18岁之间，能够说和理解英语，并诊断为慢性疼痛。参与者将通过利兹儿童医院的慢性疼痛诊所招募。工作包1（Work package 1，WP1）：WP1是一个混合方法的系统评价，回答了这样一个问题：11 - 18岁的年轻人对慢性疼痛对他们与同龄人的社会联系的影响有什么看法。结果将根据我的参与者人口统计数据通过入选和排除标准进行筛选。我将对定量结果进行元统计分析，并对定性结果进行专题分析，将分析结果结合起来，为以下一揽子工作提供信息。混合方法系统综述的结果将使人们对当代文学中的主题以及年轻人在研究中已经表达的观点有所了解。这将通过建立与我的定性项目和调查相关的现有主题和统计数据为其他工作包提供信息。工作包2（WP 2）：WP 2包括定性访谈，以探索年轻人与同龄人的社会联系经验。面试将在线或亲自进行。参与者将被要求提供他们认为代表他们与同龄人的慢性疼痛和社交生活经历的图像。可以向他们提供可选提示以帮助完成此任务。他们将被邀请描述和分组这些图像。该方法是基于健康研究中的照片启发和图像分类的成功。访谈将被记录、转录和匿名。工作包3（WP3）：WP3将包括一个混合方法的调查，以了解更大样本的年轻人如何经历慢性疼痛和与同龄人的社会联系。PPIE成员将通过影响应该问什么和如何问来参与调查的设计。他们将在分发之前自行审查和完成调查。慢性疼痛诊所的临床医生证实，他们很乐意分发这项调查，并发现结果很有价值。该调查将产生定量和定性数据的组合，这些数据可以从WP2的主要主题中提取并进行比较，以便全面了解参与者在学校的详细经历和社会联系的重要因素。PPIE：潜在的合作者已经确定，并从项目设计的早期阶段参与，并将参与整个过程。这包括来自利兹儿童医院慢性疼痛服务的临床医生和一名将担任PPIE顾问的患有慢性疼痛的年轻人。PPIE顾问已经阅读了提案，并在工作包的设计中提供了投入，并强调了哪些成果可能最有益。将设立一个PPIE小组，该小组将影响项目的各个阶段，包括设计质量重点小组，进行参与性分析，设计调查，协助分析和审查结果。结果：我将根据所有三个工作包的结果提出一套建议。这些可以提供给教师和临床医生，以促进理解和改善慢性疼痛年轻人的社会联系。通过确定患有慢性疼痛的年轻人面临的挑战和社会联系的重要因素，该项目的结果将成为可在学校使用的干预或支持一揽子计划的起点，以制定改善社会联系的适用方法

Aim: To explore and describe young peoples' experiences of living with chronic pain and its impact on social connectedness with peers.Design and methods: Participants are eligible if aged between 11-18 years, able to speak and understand English, and diagnosed with chronic pain. Participants will be recruited via the chronic pain clinic of Leeds Children's Hospital. I will go into clinic and speak directly to young people, but if this is not possible, clinicians have offered assistance with recruiting participants.Work package 1 (WP1): WP1 is a mixed-methods systematic review answering the question: What do young people aged 11-18 say about the impact of chronic pain on their social connectedness with peers. Results will be filtered via inclusion and exclusion criteria based on my participant demographics. I will carry out a meta-statistical analysis of quantitative results and thematic analysis of qualitative results, combining the findings to inform the following work packages. The results of the mixed-methods systematic review will give a sense of the topic within contemporary literature and what young people have already voiced in research. This will inform the other work packages by establishing existing themes and statistics relevant to both my qualitative project and survey.Work package 2 (WP2): WP2 consists of qualitative interviews to explore young people's experiences of social connectedness with peers. Interviews will be online or in person. Participants will be asked to provide images which they feel represent their experiences of chronic pain and social life with peers. They can be provided with optional prompts to assist with this task. They will be invited to describe and group these images. This method is based on the success of photo-elicitation and image sorting in health research. Interviews will be recorded, transcribed and anonymised. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis will be carried out on these transcripts.Work package 3 (WP3): WP3 will consist of a mixed-methods survey to understand how a larger sample of young people experience chronic pain and social connectedness with peers. PPIE members will be involved in the design of the survey by influencing what should be asked and how. They will review and complete the survey themselves before distribution. Clinicians from the chronic pain clinic confirmed they would be happy to distribute the survey, and would find the results valuable. The survey will produce a combination of quantitative and qualitative data which can be taken back to the main themes from WP2 and compared in order to give a holistic understanding of both detailed experiences and significant factors of social connectedness in school for participants. PPIE: Potential collaborators have been identified and involved from the early stages of the project design, and will be involved throughout. This includes clinicians from the Leeds Children's Hospital chronic pain services and a young person with chronic pain who will act as PPIE advisor. The PPIE advisor has read the proposal and had input in the design of the work packages, as well as highlighting what outcomes may be most beneficial. A PPIE panel will be established and will influence various stages of the project, including designing the qualitative focus groups, carrying out participatory analysis, designing the survey, assisting in analysis and reviewing the results. Outcomes: I will produce a set of recommendations based on the results of all three work packages. These can be provided to teachers and clinicians to facilitate ways of understanding and improving social connectedness for young people with chronic pain. By establishing the challenges and significant elements of social connectedness for young people with chronic pain, results from the project will form the starting point for an intervention or support package that can be used in schools with a view to producing applicable means of improving social connectedness