Milk to Gall: Representations of Angry Women on Page and Stage

这个项目探讨的问题是：早期现代人如何看待女性的愤怒？它是否起源于性别化的身体，个人的代理，或者它可能被恶魔的外部干预所操纵？前两章将研究愤怒，胆汁（与愤怒有关的幽默）和性别的医学概念化;然后是流行文化中愤怒女性的刻板印象，重点是小册子和戏剧中的“泼妇驯服”叙事。最后三章将分析莎士比亚、米德尔顿、海伍德、福特、德克尔和罗利的戏剧，以及女性戏剧家卡里和西德尼赫伯特，从不同的性别视角比较女性愤怒的刻画。这些章节将研究愤怒的女性的戏剧性表现（包括愤怒/易怒的女巫，女性愤怒的表演性和传染性情绪障碍），以获得更广泛的视野，了解体液医学如何与女性权力的话语相结合。该项目将把魔鬼学、幽默主义和性别研究联系起来，并加入一场关于女性身体如何在父权话语中被书写和反对父权话语的跨历史对话。它将为一个不断发展的领域做出及时而重要的贡献：情感史。

This project explores the questions: how did early-moderns perceive female anger? And did it originate in the gendered body, in personal agency, or could it be manipulated by the external intervention of demons? The first two chapters will examine medical conceptualisations of anger, choler (the humour linked to wrath) and gender; then stereotypes of angry women in popular culture, focusing on 'shrew-taming' narratives in pamphlets and plays. The final three chapters will analyse plays by Shakespeare, Middleton, Heywood, Ford, Dekker and Rowley, alongside female dramatists Cary and Sidney Herbert, comparing portrayals of female anger from different gendered perspectives. These chapters will examine dramatic representations of angry women (including the angry/choleric witch, the performativity of female anger, and contagious emotional disorder) to gain a wider view on how humoral medicine engages with discourse around female power. The project will link demonology, humoralism and gender studies, and join a transhistorical conversation about how women's bodies have been written within, and against, patriarchal discourse. It will make timely and important contributions to a growing field: the history of emotions.