Optoelectronic properties of metal halide perovskites with varying dimensionality

项目描述，包括如何与EPSRC战略/优先研究领域保持一致的简短声明：金属卤化物钙钛矿已经非常成功地进入下一代光伏电池领域，单结薄膜太阳能电池的认证功率转换效率现已超过26%。虽然目前存在这种设备的竞争技术，但世界对能源供应、照明和显示技术日益增长的需求已经创造了对低成本、高效率解决方案的日益增长的渴望。为了应对气候变化和能源安全，迫切需要光伏设备的持续进步，这可以说是人类在下个世纪面临的最大挑战。与此同时，导致这些材料发光的光电特性正在被探索，这有望提供高效率和低能耗的照明应用。EPSRC DTP奖学金将专注于探索不同维度金属卤化物钙钛矿的关键光电特性，以探索量子约束等基本效应和应用驱动的性能参数。金属卤化物半导体将探索一系列不同的结构和电子维度，包括准零维胶体量子点和二维量子阱。特别是后者，将探索与衬底的晶格匹配，以生长可能表现出量子限制效应的超薄钙钛矿层。将阐明基本的光电特性，重点是量子约束如何影响激子效应、电子-声子耦合、电荷载流子迁移和重组、光发射和再吸收的机制。材料将使用超快速光学技术进行探索，例如瞬态吸收，光致发光上转换和太赫兹泵浦探针光谱，而基本的光学和结构性质将通过傅里叶变换红外光谱，x射线衍射和电子显微镜进行检查。这些研究将直接投入到旨在推动低维钙钛矿发展的合作努力中，并最终用于发光和收获应用。这项拟议中的研究显然符合EPSRC的投资组合，目标是确定物理学（功能材料的纳米级设计）和化学（具有目标特性的扩展结构的定向组装）方面的重大挑战。拟议的项目也明确属于EPSRC的物理科学、能源和制造业的未来主题；能源应用材料、计算与理论化学和太阳能技术领域。

Project description including a brief statement on how it aligns with EPSRC strategy/priority research areas:Metal halide perovskites have made a remarkably successful entry into the field of next-generation photovoltaic cells with certified power conversion efficiencies now exceeding 26% for single-junction thin-film solar cells. While competing technologies currently exist for such devices, the world's growing need for energy supply, lighting and display technologies has created an increasing desire for low-cost, high-efficiency solutions. Continued advances in photovoltaic devices, are urgently required to address climate change and energy security, which are arguably the greatest challenges to be faced by mankind over the coming century. In parallel, optoelectronic properties leading to light emission from these materials are being explored, which have promises to deliver lighting applications with high efficiency and low energy usage.This EPSRC DTP Studentship will focus on exploring key optoelectronic properties of metal halide perovskites with a range of different dimensionalities, in order to probe both fundamental effects such as quantum confinement, and application-driven performance parameters. Metal halide semiconductors will be explored with a range of different structural and electronic dimensionalities, including quasi-zero-dimensional colloidal quantum dots and two-dimensional quantum wells. For the latter, in particular, lattice-matching with substrates will be explored for growth of ultra-thin layers of perovskites that may exhibit quantum confinement effects. Fundamental optoelectronic properties will be elucidated, focussing on how quantum confinement affects mechanisms for excitonic effects, electron-phonon coupling, charge-carrier mobility and recombination, light emission and re-absorption. Materials will be explored using a combination of ultra-fast optical techniques, e.g. transient absorption, photoluminescence up-conversion and THz pump-probe spectroscopy, while basic optical and structural properties will be examined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and electron microscopies. These studies will feed directly into collaborative efforts aimed at propelling forward the growth of low-dimensionality perovskites, and their ultimate use in light-emitting and -harvesting applications.The proposed research clearly fits within the EPSRC's portfolio, targeting identified Grand Challenges in Physics (Nanoscale Design of Functional Materials) and Chemistry (Directed Assembly of Extended Structures with Targeted Properties). The proposed programme also clearly falls into the EPSRC Themes of Physical Sciences, Energy & Manufacturing the Future; and the Areas of Materials for Energy Applications, Computational and Theoretical Chemistry and Solar Technology.