Characterisation and Optimisation of Sustainable Medical Use Wet Wipes

存在于公共交通、学校和市场等公共环境中[1]。当这些病原体通过不同的途径进入人体时，可能会引起几种感染，例如皮肤表面的定植是一种通过手迅速转移到粘膜、口腔或鼻子和伤口的方式。另一方面，微生物也可以转移到已经被病原体污染的表面(无生命的)和设备上，促进皮肤、粘膜和血液感染的快速传播。快速传播的最关键环境之一是医院和中央医疗服务机构。地板、墙壁、床栏和床垫等表面已被确定为污染源。因此，医院病原体的转移可能发生在高接触的环境表面和医疗设备之间，患者、访客和医护人员之间。这一健康问题显著增加了患者死亡率，并增加了住院和医疗的经济成本[1，3，4]。预防医院获得性感染的战略包括使用个人防护设备、改进洗手做法，包括使用洗手液、适当使用抗菌剂以及表面消毒和清洁。表面清洁可以减少微生物负载及其传播。众所周知，定期对环境表面进行消毒可以降低患者感染的风险。成功地将湿巾用于医疗保健应用是有效解决功效感染的方法[5]。

present in common environments, such as public transport, schools, and markets, among others [1]. These pathogens may cause several infections when entering the human body via different pathways, such as the colonization of skin surfaces being a quick way to transfer by hands to mucosa, mouth or nose, and wounds. On the other hand, microorganisms also could be transferred to surfaces (inanimate) and devices that are already contaminated with pathogens, facilitating the quick spread of skin, mucosa, and bloodstream infections. One of the most critical environments for quick spread is hospitals and central healthcare services. Surfaces such as floors, walls, bed rails, and mattresses have been identified as a source of contamination. Thus, the transfer of nosocomial pathogens may occur from high-touch environmental surfaces and medical devices between patients, visitors, and healthcare workers. This health issue brings significantly increased patient mortality and raises the economic cost of hospitalizations and medical treatments [1,3,4]. Strategies to prevent hospital-acquired infections include personal protective equipment use, improved hand washing practices, including the use of hand sanitiser, the appropriate use of antimicrobials, and surface disinfection and cleaning. Surface cleaning can reduce microbial loads and their dissemination. It is well known and demonstrated that a periodic routine of disinfection of environmental surfaces can decrease the risk of patients developing infections. The successful use of wet wipes for healthcare applications are being an effective solution for efficacy infection [5].