Optimisation of essential habitat in sustainable fishery management

可持续渔业管理中重要栖息地的优化

• 批准号: 2337775
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Heriot-Watt University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2337775
• 关键词: Optimisation; essential; habitat; sustainable; fishery

The project examines the three-way relationships between habitat, fishing activities and management, aiming to provide understanding and tools to allow managers to optimise the value and sustainability of ecosystem services provided through fishery productivity. The project applies this approach to inshore fisheries, using creel fisheries for crustaceans and whelks as case study exemplars in Orkney, Dornoch Firth and North Berwickshire (St Abbs). The overarching principle underlying the project is that healthy ecosystems deliver benefits for fisheries by sustaining productivity (ecosystem structure and function) and providing essential habitat for different life stages (especially recruitment) of commercially important species. This leads to the following key research questions: What are the impacts of inshore fishing on ecosystem productivity and the structure of seabed habitats? How can these impacts be managed within an ecosystem approach? And, how might these impacts be modified in a changing environment? The objectives of the research are: to describe and model the inshore fishery systems and their ecosystem context at a holistic level, focusing on creel fisheries for crustaceans and whelks; and to allow these systems to be projected for scenarios of future environment (climate change) and management. These objectives will be addressed by the following research activities:1. Fishery observer trips in Orkney and St Abbs, recording spatially-explicit information on quantities, composition and fate of catch and by-catch. Coupled with information on distribution of fishing activities provided by OSF Ltd in Orkney, data from this research activity will be used to quantify and characterise removals and discards of target and non-target species in the creel fisheries, linking this information to location and seabed habitat types. This activity will build on existing monitoring activities in Orkney (OSF Ltd) and St Abbs (sponsored by Blue Marine Foundation).2. Underwater observations by scientific diving and drop-down video, including the deployment of simple baited remote underwater video systems involving GoPro cameras attached to creels, and photogrammetry of captured images. Existing seabed mapping completed at St Abbs will contribute high resolution photogrammetry data. Data from this activity will be used to characterise the seabed environment, including large benthic species, physical and biogenic structural habitat dimensions.3. Ecological modelling focusing on low- to medium-complexity approaches, using field data and published information to describe flows of energy and material in relation to impacts and removals. Ecosystem modelling will be used both to characterise the current fishery-ecosystem structure and function and to project this for future environmental and management scenarios.

该项目研究了栖息地，渔业活动和管理之间的三方关系，旨在提供理解和工具，使管理人员能够优化通过渔业生产力提供的生态系统服务的价值和可持续性。该项目将这一方法应用于近海渔业，在奥克尼、多尔诺赫弗斯和北伯里克郡（圣阿布斯）以甲壳类动物和海螺的筒子架渔业作为案例研究范例。该项目的总体原则是，健康的生态系统通过维持生产力（生态系统结构和功能）和为具有商业重要性的物种的不同生命阶段（特别是补充）提供基本生境，为渔业带来惠益。这就引出了以下关键研究问题：近海捕捞对生态系统生产力和海底生境结构有何影响？如何在生态系统方法内管理这些影响？如何在不断变化的环境中改变这些影响？研究的目标是：在整体层面上描述和模拟近岸渔业系统及其生态系统背景，重点是甲壳类和海螺的筒子架渔业;并允许这些系统预测未来环境（气候变化）和管理的情景。这些目标将通过以下研究活动来实现：1。渔业观察员前往奥克尼和圣阿巴斯，记录关于渔获物和副渔获物的数量、组成和命运的明确的空间信息。结合奥克尼OSF有限公司提供的关于捕捞活动分布情况的资料，这项研究活动的数据将用于量化和确定筒子架渔业中目标和非目标鱼种的清除量和抛弃量，并将这一资料与位置和海底生境类型联系起来。这项活动将以在奥克尼（OSF有限公司）和圣阿巴斯（由蓝色海洋基金会赞助）的现有监测活动为基础。通过科学潜水和下拉式视频进行水下观测，包括部署简单的诱饵远程水下视频系统，包括连接到线轴上的GoPro相机，以及捕获图像的摄影测量。在St Abbs完成的现有海底测绘将提供高分辨率摄影测量数据。这项活动的数据将用于评估海底环境，包括大型底栖物种、物理和生物结构生境方面。生态建模，侧重于低至中等复杂性的方法，利用实地数据和公布的信息描述与影响和清除有关的能源和物质流动。生态系统建模将用于模拟当前渔业生态系统的结构和功能，并预测未来的环境和管理情景。