Building a picture of magmatic-hydrothermal systems from rock and mush fragments brought to surface by silicic eruptions

了解岩浆系统中硅酸盐熔体和含水流体的分布对监测火山和地热资源具有重要意义。在硅质火山喷发的过程中，岩浆可能积聚在一个浅腔中，但可能有更多的熔融和溶解的液体储存在以晶体为主的“糊状”中。事实上，成熟的岩浆系统可以是“跨地壳”的，熔体和流体在空间和时间上不均匀地分布在很大的深度范围内。地球物理数据（如地震、电阻率）对岩浆系统的几何形状提供了主要的限制，但熔体和流体分布的反演可能不是唯一的，而且分辨率很低。岩石学提供了喷发岩浆的生成和储存（例如压力和温度）条件的补充数据，甚至从晶体的化学剖面中提供了喷发前过程的时间尺度。这项研究将建立在大量地球物理和岩浆岩石学数据集的案例研究基础上。

Understanding the distributions of silicate melts and aqueous fluids in magmatic systems is important for monitoring volcanoes and geothermal resources. In the build- up to a silicic eruption, magma may accumulate in a shallow chamber, but there can be even more melt and exsolved fluids stored in dominantly crystalline 'mushes'. Indeed, mature magmatic systems can be 'transcrustal' with melt and fluids heterogeneously distributed in space and time over a large range of depths. Geophysical data (e.g. seismic, electrical resistivity) provide major constraints on the geometry of magmatic systems but the inversions for melt and fluid distributions can be non-unique and have coarse resolution. Petrology provides complementary data on the generation and storage (e.g. pressure and temperature) conditions of magmas that erupted, and even timescales of processes preceding eruption from chemical profiles in crystals. This study will build on case studies with substantial geophysics and magma petrology datasets.