Pathways from Childhood Personality Traits to Midlife Metabolic Syndrome

描述(由申请人提供)：这个项目的目标是利用夏威夷人格与健康队列提供的独特机会来评估关于儿童个性特征影响大约40年后代谢健康状况的机制的假说。该队列已经达到了研究代谢综合征的理想年龄，代谢综合征是一种临床异常的组合，显著增加了2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险，以及心血管和全因死亡率。目的(1)是使用基于世界卫生组织和国家胆固醇教育小组规定的标准的两种方法和通过持续的代谢健康测量来评估参与者的中年代谢健康。目的(2)评估从童年个性特征到中年代谢健康的三种生命过程人格路径模型，这些模型包含了生命过程中的行为、社会和环境事件：尽责-不认真路径、随和-敌意路径和情绪稳定路径。这些特征的组合对代谢健康的影响也将被评估。为了实现这些目标，该项目将评估参与者的新陈代谢健康状况，并使用队列中约500名成员的存档数据进行纵向数据分析。这些档案包括大约40年前参与者在瓦胡岛或考艾岛上小学时获得的儿童个性评估；过去5年(45-55岁)中年期间获得的广泛调查数据；以及过去3年内进行的全面医学人体测量、个性和认知检查的数据。在这项检查中，采集并储存(冷冻)血液样本以供将来分析。对于这一项目，将提取和化验一部分储存的标本，以完成符合国际公认标准的代谢健康综合评估所需的测试。与NIA的使命一致，通过调查中年代谢综合征的早期预测因素，该项目旨在改善美国老年人的健康和福祉。这一发现可能会为预防糖尿病和心血管疾病等中年慢性病开辟新的途径。该项目可能确定童年特征是破坏健康的生命过程路径的风险因素，并证明儿童个性特征对中年代谢健康的预测具有独特和直接的贡献。这些发现将表明，目前通过改变(或补偿)成年人的生活方式来预防代谢紊乱及其后果的努力，可以通过新的早期预防途径来加强。在童年时期对启动损害健康的生活方式习惯的因素进行干预，和/或针对高危儿童进行生活方式干预，为改善以后的健康开辟了新的机会。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this project is to use the unique opportunities offered by the Hawaii Personality and Health Cohort to evaluate hypotheses about the mechanisms by which childhood personality traits influence metabolic health status 40 or so years later. The cohort has reached the ideal age to study the metabolic syndrome, which is a combination of clinical abnormalites that significantly increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease as well as cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Aim (1) is to assess the midlife metabolic health of participants using dichotomous measures based on the criteria specified by the World Health Organization and by the National Cholesterol Education Panel, and by a continuous measure of metabolic health. Aim (2) is to evaluate three models of life-course personality pathways from childhood personality traits to midlife metabolic health that incorporate behavioral, social, and environmental events over the life-course: the Conscientiousness-Unconscientiousness pathway; the Agreeableness- Hostility pathway; and the Emotional-Stability pathway. The influence of combinations of these traits on metabolic health will also be evaluated. To accomplish these aims, the project will assess the metabolic health of participants and conduct longitudinal data analyses using the archived data for approximately 500 members of the cohort. These archives include childhood personality assessments obtained approximately 40 years ago when the participants were in elementary school in Oahu or Kauai; extensive survey data obtained over the past 5-year period during midlife (45-55 years); and data from a comprehensive medical anthropometric, personality, and cognitive examination conducted within the past 3 years. At this examination, blood samples were collected and stored (frozen) for future analyses. For this project, a portion of this stored specimen will be retrieved and assayed to complete the necessary tests for a comprehensive assessment of metabolic health that meets internationally accepted standards. Consistent with the mission of NIA, by investigating the early predictors of midlife metabolic syndrome, this project is designed to improve the health and well-being of older Americans. The findings will potentially open up a new approach to the prevention of chronic diseases of middle age, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This project may identify childhood traits that are risk factors for health-damaging life-course pathways, and demonstrate that childhood personality traits make unique and direct contributions to the prediction of midlife metabolic health. Such findings will suggest that current efforts to prevent metabolic disorder and its consequences by modifying (or compensating for) adult lifestyle can be augmented by new avenues for early prevention. Intervening in childhood on factors that initiate pathways to health-damaging lifestyle habits, and/or targeting at-risk children for lifestyle intervention opens up new opportunities to improve later health.