The application of generative design to electrical motor topologies

传统的电机依靠洛伦兹力产生的扭矩，通过磁化定子和转子(无论是用永久磁铁还是绕组)，然后旋转两个磁场中的一个，使转子旋转。现代电机的发展往往试图在传统电磁转矩的基础上利用磁阻转矩。磁阻扭矩是由麦克斯韦尔力引起的，麦克斯韦力的作用是最大限度地减少磁铁磁通路径中的磁阻，并通过电机直轴和正交轴之间的磁阻差来利用。然而，磁阻力矩电机需要更复杂的铁工设计，这反过来往往更难制造。将两种类型的扭矩组合在一起，例如在IPMSM(插入式永磁同步电机)中，可以产生尽可能高扭矩密度的电机。这种融合通常是通过设计转子的拓扑结构来实现的，以包括嵌入的永久磁铁，同时保持直轴和交轴之间的磁阻差异。这使得纯磁阻电机的设计问题变得更加复杂，因此可以绘制设计空间的方法将提高生产利用这两种扭矩的电机的能力。

Traditional electrical motors rely on torque produced through the Lorentz force by magnetising the stator and the rotor (either with permanent magnets or windings) and then rotating one of the two fields, causing the rotor to spin. Modern motor development often tries to utilise reluctance torque along-side the traditional electromagnetic torque. Reluctance torque is caused by Maxwell's force which acts to minimise the reluctance in a magnet's flux path and is utilised through differences in reluctances between a motor's direct and quadrature axes. Reluctance torque motors, however, require more complex iron-work design, which is in turn often more difficult to manufacture. Combining both types of torque, such as in an IPMSM (Inset Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) can result in the most torque dense motors possible. This fusion is often achieved by designing the rotor's topology to include inset permanent magnets whilst maintaining the reluctance differences between the direct and quadrature axes. This further complicates the design problem beyond that of a pure reluctance motor and as such methods where the design space can be mapped would increase the ability to produce motors that utilise both types of torque.