The X-ray properties of clusters of galaxies

星系团是宇宙中最大的束缚结构，由数千个星系组成，发出X射线等离子体，由暗物质主导。X射线观测提供了一种强大的方法，可以使用星系团来约束宇宙学参数，并了解驱动星系团及其星系演化的天体物理过程。在这个项目中，我们将使用钱德拉、XMM-牛顿和新的eROSITA X射线勘测等设备的X射线观测来研究星系团。我们的目标将是：(I)改进用于测量这些巨大宇宙结构的质量的技术；(Ii)使用先进的统计技术来量化活动星系核对星系团的X射线样本的污染；以及(Iii)使用新的方法来最大限度地减少选择偏差对确定星系团性质的影响。这个项目非常适合具有良好的Python编码技能和熟悉统计技术的申请者，并有热情在探索星系团的X射线图像时进一步发展这些技术。

Clusters of galaxies are the largest bound structures in the Universe, consisting of thousands of galaxies, X-ray emitting plasma, and are dominated by dark matter. X-ray observation provide a powerful way to constrain cosmological parameters using galaxy clusters, and to understand the astrophysical processes that drive the evolution of clusters and their galaxies. In this project we will study galaxy clusters using X-ray observations from facilities such as Chandra, XMM-Newton and the new eROSITA X-ray survey. Our aims will be to: (i) improve the techniques used for measuring the masses of these huge cosmic structures; (ii) use advanced statistical techniques to quantify the contamination of X-ray samples of clusters by active galactic nuclei; and (iii) use new approaches to minimise the impact of selection biases on determinations of the properties of galaxy clusters. This project is well-suited to applicants with good Python coding skills and familiarity with statistical techniques, with the enthusiasm to develop these further while exploring the X-ray view of clusters of galaxies.