Health Behavior Research: Minority Pediatric Populations

描述(由申请者提供)：该培训计划的主要目的是为个人作为儿科健康行为研究领域的独立研究人员的学术生涯做准备，重点是少数民族人口。该培训计划提供系统的博士后和博士后研究培训，内容涉及儿童和青少年慢性病(包括糖尿病、镰状细胞疾病、哮喘和艾滋病毒感染)的病因、预防、诊断、治疗和预后所涉及的行为和心理社会因素。这项工作的一个主要重点是了解与少数民族青年，特别是西班牙裔、非裔美国人和海地裔美国人背景的年轻人的疾病过程和健康结果有关的行为和心理社会因素。在很大程度上，培训将与几个由政府外资金资助的NIH和私人基金会赠款密切配合，包括对患有糖尿病的儿童和青少年的行为和神经发育研究(NIDDK)；儿童艾滋病毒携带者(儿童艾滋病临床试验组，Ryan White标题I和标题IV示范项目)和镰状细胞疾病(关于羟基尿毒症和骨髓移植结果的多中心试验，NHLBI)；治疗脑癌儿童的教育干预(美国癌症学会)；围产期药物暴露与儿童发育研究(NIDA)；暴力暴露的健康行为影响研究。我们的大部分研究集中在行为因素在少数民族儿童、青少年及其家庭慢性病的发病、病程和管理中的作用。研究人群很容易通过儿科获得。受训者接受教职员工的指导，并举办研讨会，重点讨论慢性病、研究设计和数据分析、伦理、多元文化问题和专业写作，包括手稿准备和拨款申请。虽然博士后和博士后的重点都是研究，但可用的教学培训包括高级统计学、儿科医学障碍干预、神经心理学、流行病学以及慢性病、研究设计、伦理和文化因素的专门研讨会。这一培训计划代表了心理学、儿科学、流行病学和公共卫生系以及医学系的教职员工的协调努力，致力于培训心理学研究生和博士后健康行为研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The major purpose of this training program is to prepare individuals for academic careers as independent researchers in the field of pediatric health behavior research, with an emphasis on minority populations. The training program provides systematic predoctoral and postdoctoral research training into the behavioral and psychosocial factors involved in the etiology, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of children and adolescents with chronic diseases (including e.g., diabetes, sickle cell disease, asthma, and HIV infection). A major emphasis of this work is on understanding behavioral and psychosocial factors in relation to disease processes and health outcomes in ethnic minority youth, especially those of Hispanic, African American, and Haitian American backgrounds. To a large extent training will be closely coordinated with several extramurally funded NIH and private foundation grants, including behavioral and neurodevelopmental studies of children and adolescents with diabetes (NIDDK); children with HIV (Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group, Ryan White Title I and Title IV demonstration projects) and sickle cell disease (multi-center trials of outcomes of hydroxyruea and bone marrow transplantation, NHLBI); educational intervention for children treated for brain cancer (American Cancer Society); perinatal drug exposure and child development (NIDA); and studies of the health behavior effects of violence exposure. Much of our research focuses upon the role of behavioral factors in the onset, course, and management of chronic disease in ethnic minority children, adolescents, and their families. Research populations are readily available through the Department of Pediatrics. Trainees receive mentoring by faculty members, and seminars focused on chronic illness, research design and data analysis, ethics, multicultural issues, and professional writing, including manuscript preparation and grant applications. Although emphasis at both the pre- and postdoctoral level is upon research, the didactic training available includes multiple courses in advanced statistics, interventions in pediatric medical disorders, neuropsychology, epidemiology, and specialized seminars in chronic illness, research design, ethics, and cultural factors. This training program represents a coordinated effort of faculty from the Departments of Psychology, Pediatrics, Epidemiology and Public Health, and Medicine, committed to training of psychology graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in health behavior research.