Time course of variability in spoken word recognition

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的长期目标是更好地了解口语单词识别的过程和表征。大量的经验证据现在存在于支持的假设，表面变异的语音处理和表征的影响。处理工作表明，语音的变化，如谈话者的身份的变化，阻碍感知，导致更慢和/或更不准确的口语单词识别。代表性的工作表明，变异性也有长期的后果，口语单词的感知，这表明，代表性的口语单词识别的基础可以包括高度具体的表面细节。此外，最近的工作还表明，变异性效应遵循一个时间过程，表现在感知过程中的可预测点。更具体地说，某些类型的表面变化似乎并不影响口语单词识别的早期阶段。相反，抽象的语言表示似乎驱动最初的在线感知口语单词和更具体的表示，包含与变化相关的表面细节，只影响后期阶段的处理。拟议的工作的目的是提供一个更直接和细粒度的分析的时间过程中的变异性的影响。特别是，行为措施的时间过程中的两个来源的变化，说话人的身份和说话速度的影响，将收集使用眼动跟踪范例。拟议中的研究应最终导致更好的理论和模型的正常和混乱的口语感知。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of the proposed research is to gain a better understanding of the processes and representations underlying spoken word recognition. Substantial empirical evidence now exists in support of the hypothesis that surface variability in speech has both processing and representational implications. The processing work demonstrates that variability in speech, such as a change in the identity of a talker, hinders perception, resulting in slower and/or less accurate spoken word recognition. The representational work demonstrates that variability also has long-term consequences for the perception of spoken words, suggesting that the representations underlying spoken word recognition can include highly specific surface details. Furthermore, recent work also suggests that variability effects follow a time course, manifesting themselves at predictable points during perceptual processing. More specifically, some types of surface variability do not seem to affect early stages of spoken word recognition. Rather, abstract linguistic representations appear to drive the initial on-line perception of spoken words and more specific representations, containing surface details associated with variability, only affect latter stages of processing. The aim of the proposed work is to provide a more immediate and fine-grained analysis of the time course of variability effects. In particular, behavioral measures of the time course effects of two sources of variability, talker-identity and speaking rate, will be collected using the eye-tracking paradigm. The proposed research should ultimately lead to better theories and models of both normal and disordered spoken language perception.