Changing behaviour to enable design and delivery of greener trials?

15年前，可持续试验研究小组得出结论，“临床试验有助于温室气体排放。目前的估计预测，在clinicaltrials.gov上注册的35万次试验的碳使用量为2750万吨。针对减少研究中碳使用的一般建议（NIHR碳减排指南）于2019年发布，但脱碳试验的进展仍然缓慢。在少数探索临床试验中碳使用的研究中，试验团队和参与者相关旅行等因素已被确定为关键影响因素。在临床试验的碳使用来源中，许多与人类行为的作用有关，并依赖于人（患者，临床医生，试验工作人员）执行行动（例如接受或提供试验干预，或参加诊所）。在临床试验中，受试者、试验人员和临床医生的行为受到许多影响。这些与试验相关的环境行为在试验设计和临床背景中很常见，通常依赖于上下文并易于改变。将行为科学应用于临床试验中的碳使用问题，为临床试验社区提供了关键的，可复制的和可推广的见解。该学生奖学金旨在通过应用行为科学来调查低碳试验的关键挑战和机遇，以解决这一知识差距。该学生奖学金将包括：该学生奖学金旨在确定低碳试验的挑战和机遇。具体而言，它将：1。确定试验生命周期（设计、实施、分析和报告）中的哪些碳“热点”可被视为优先的环保行为，这些行为可能易于改变（文献综述和流程图的重新分析）2.确定试验团队在与试验设计、实施、分析和报告（访谈/焦点小组和调查）相关的亲环境行为方面面临的关键机遇和挑战3。在试验生命周期内，针对试验团队制定有利于环境的行为改变干预措施，并确定可行性和可接受性（行为改变干预措施的制定和参与性方法）4.为试验团队制定“操作”指南，指导如何开发和实施行为诊断和解决方案，以支持低碳试验。

Background to the project Fifteen years ago, the Sustainable Trials Study Group concluded that 'clinical trials contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.' and current estimates predict that the 350,000 trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov have a carbon usage of 27.5M tonnes. General recommendations targeting the reduction of carbon usage in research (NIHR Carbon Reduction Guidelines) were published in 2019 yet progress to decarbonise trials remains slow. Of the small number of studies that have explored carbon usage in clinical trials, factors such as trial team and participant related travel have been identified as key impacts. Of the sources of carbon usage across clinical trials many of these are linked to the role of human behaviour and rely on people (patients, clinicians, trial staff) performing actions (such as receiving or delivering a trial intervention, or attending a clinic). There are many influences on participants, trial staff, and clinicians' behaviours within clinical trials. These trial-related environmental behaviours are common across trial designs and clinical contexts often contextually dependent and amenable to change. Applying behavioural science to the problem of carbon usage in clinical trials offers critical, replicable, and generalisable insights for the clinical trials community.this studentship aims to address this knowledge gap by applying behavioural science to investigate the key challenges and opportunities for delivery of low carbon trials.what the studentship will encompass:this studentship aims to identify the challenges and opportunities for delivery of low carbon trials. Specifically, it will:1. determine which carbon 'hotspots' across the trial lifecycle (design, conduct, analysis, and reporting) can be considered as priority pro-environmental behaviours that are potentially amenable to change (literature review and re-analysis of process map)2. Identify key opportunities and challenges faced by trial teams in relation to pro-environmental behaviours related to trial design, conduct, analysis, and reporting (interviews/focus groups and survey)3. Develop pro-environmental behaviour change intervention(s) to target trial teams during the trial lifecycle and establish feasibility and acceptability (behaviour change intervention development and participatory approaches)4. Produce a 'how-to' guide for trial teams on how to develop and implement behavioural diagnostics and solutions for supporting low carbon trials.