Impulsivity at Different Stages of Adolescent Smoking

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目旨在提高对青少年吸烟冲动行为的理解。这项研究的主要目标是横向确定冲动行为的两个主要维度之间的关系（即，在青少年吸烟的不同阶段，通过实验室任务程序进行评估。拟议的研究在很大程度上是相关的，但是，这项研究预计将产生初步的数据，为未来的纵向研究，旨在更坚定地建立因果关系或后果之间的关系冲动和青少年吸烟。此外，这项研究应该有助于澄清与青少年吸烟相关的具体行为机制，这些机制将在以后作为青少年吸烟预防和戒烟工作的额外重点，在早期吸烟阶段确定的关系为预防工作提供信息，在后期阶段，戒烟工作。实验室程序的使用还有一个额外的好处，那就是提高了对冲动行为暂时增加的检测灵敏度。这种冲动性的增加可能是某些环境事件的结果，并可能在吸烟的不同阶段起决定性作用。例如，使用实验室程序的试点数据表明，与青少年第一次尝试吸烟相关的冲动性增强的时期（Reynolds等人，2003年）。与此相关，拟议项目的第二个特点将涉及探索自我报告的消极生活事件和冲动行为之间的关系，在不同的吸烟阶段。这些与压力有关的变量已经被公认为青少年开始吸烟的危险因素。这一人群可能对消极的生活事件特别敏感，这些事件可能会增加尝试吸烟的脆弱性，或者升级到更频繁的使用，无论是在他们自己的权利还是间接通过压力对冲动的影响。本研究将探讨冲动行为在负性生活事件与青少年吸烟状况之间的中介作用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project stands to improve understanding of the role of impulsive behavior in adolescent cigarette-smoking uptake. The primary goal of this research is to cross-sectionally identify relations between two primary dimensions of impulsive behavior (i.e., inhibitory-control and delay-of-reward impulsive behaviors) as assessed by laboratory-task procedures at the different stages to becoming an adolescent smoker. The proposed study is largely correlational; however, this study is expected to generate preliminary data for future longitudinal research aimed at more firmly establishing causal or consequent relations between impulsivity and adolescent cigarette-smoking. Additionally, this study should help clarify the specific behavioral mechanisms related to adolescent smoking that will later serve as additional points of emphasis for adolescent smoking prevention and cessation efforts, with relations identified at earlier smoking stages informing prevention efforts, and at later stages, cessation efforts. The use of laboratory procedures also has the added benefit of increased sensitivity to detection of temporary increases in impulsive behavior. Such increases in impulsivity may occur as a result of certain environmental events and may play a determining role at different stages of smoking uptake. For example, pilot data using a laboratory procedure suggest a period of heightened impulsivity associated with adolescents trying cigarettes for the first time (Reynolds et al., 2003). Related to this, a secondary feature of the proposed project will involve exploring relations between self-reported negative life events and impulsive behavior at the different smoking stages. These stress-related variables are already recognized risk factors to smoking initiation among adolescents. This population may be particularly sensitive to negative life events, and these may increase vulnerability to trying cigarettes or the escalation to more frequent use, either in their own right or indirectly through the effects of stress on impulsivity. The possible role of impulsive behavior as a mediator between negative life events and cigarette-smoking status among adolescents will be explored.