Negative Social Interactions, Depression, and Intellectual Disabilities

描述（由申请人提供）：压力感知最近被证明对轻度智障（ID）成人的心理健康有不利影响（15,18,19,24）。轻度本我的成年人认为，与其他类型的负面事件相比，有压力的社会互动发生得更频繁，产生的压力影响更大（6,18）。深入了解他人在压力社会互动中的类别，有助于理解轻度本我的成年人容易受到压力感知的情况（例如，家访）。对于轻度本我的成年人认为有困难的人际交往能力（例如，难以发表意见），或者轻度本我的成年人实际的人际交往能力缺陷，以及这些人际交往困难如何导致有压力的社会交往，我们知之甚少。消除所有有压力的社会互动是不可能的，因此，对用于处理有压力的社会互动和围绕这些互动的情绪的应对策略的调查也是有必要的。压力事件和消极的社会互动在理解和治疗普通人群的抑郁症方面起着关键作用。紧张的社会互动，这些事件的因果归因，以及用于处理这些事件的应对策略也可能是轻度本我成人抑郁症的一个显著特征。在目标1中，通过访谈和标准化问卷对100名轻度ID成人的压力性社会互动频率和压力影响进行评估。与这些互动发生的其他人的类别以及与这些互动相关的轻度本我成人的人际交往技巧困难将被确定。还将确定用于处理有压力的负面社会互动的应对策略。在目标2中，我们将评估50名患有抑郁诊断的轻度本我成人和50名没有抑郁诊断的轻度本我成人的应激性社会互动、因果归因和应对策略。本研究对公共卫生的意义在于：1)增加对轻度本我成人应激性社会互动的理解；2)制定应对训练计划，增加适应性应对的使用，以应对紧张的社会互动和这些互动发生时的情绪；3)确定轻度本我成人抑郁的人际和认知方面，为制定适当的干预措施提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Perception of stress has recently been shown to have a detrimental impact on the psychological health of adults with mild intellectual disabilities (ID)(15, 18,19, 24). Adults with mild ID perceive stressful social interactions as occurring more frequently and as having a greater stress impact than other types of negative events (6,18). Insight into the category of others involved in stressful social interactions has implications for understanding situations in which adults with mild ID are vulnerable to perceptions of stress (e.g., family visits). Little is known about the interpersonal skills that adults with mild ID perceive as difficult (e.g. difficulty asserting opinions), or the actual interpersonal skill deficits of adults with mild ID, and how these interpersonal difficulties contribute to stressful social interactions. It is impossible to eliminate all stressful social interactions and thus an investigation of the coping strategies used to deal with stressful social interactions and the emotions surrounding these interactions is also warranted. Stressful events and negative social interactions play a key role in understanding and treating depression among the general population. Stressful social interactions, the causal attributions for these events, and the coping strategies used to deal with these events may also be a salient feature of depression in adults with mild ID. In Aim 1, the frequency and stress impact of stressful social interactions of 100 adults with mild ID will be assessed through interviews and standardized questionnaires. The category of others with whom these interactions occur and the interpersonal skill difficulties of adults with mild ID related to these interactions will be identified. The coping strategies utilized for dealing with stressful negative social interactions will also be determined. In Aim 2, stressful social interactions, causal attributions, and coping strategies of 50 adults with mild ID who have a depressive diagnosis and a matched control group of 50 adults with mild ID without a depressive diagnosis will be evaluated. The relevance of this research to public health is: 1) to increase understanding of stressful social interactions among adults with mild ID; 2) to develop coping training programs to increase the use of adaptive coping to deal with stressful social interactions and the emotions surrounding these interactions when they do occur; 3) to identify interpersonal and cognitive aspects of depression among adults with mild ID that could inform the development of appropriate interventions.