Motivation to assume a paid family caregiver role and correlates to well-being

描述(由申请人提供)：虽然有传言认为现在的成年子女不像前几代人那样为他们的长辈提供更多的照顾，但在现实中，现在的成年子女比过去任何时候都要为父母提供更多的照顾和更困难的照顾。然而，对长期照顾者的需求将远远超过非正式(无偿)和正式(有偿)照顾者的预期可用供应量。因此，人们越来越关注和重视维持和增加目前非正式和正式照顾者的供应的必要性。与此同时，最近出现的允许家庭成员获得照看费用的计划和政策，正在迅速模糊非正式照看和正式照看之间的区别，创造了一个我们知之甚少的新照顾者类别。为了解决这些问题，重要的是首先阐明是什么导致照料者(无论是非正式的还是正式的)承担照顾者的角色，然后确定是什么让他们致力于提供亲属或陌生人的长期护理需求。这项拟议的研究的目的是阐明受薪家庭和朋友照顾者如何描述和理解他们的照看动机，并检查他们的照看原因与照顾者幸福感之间的关系。这项研究使用从家庭和朋友照顾者那里收集的数据，这些照顾者以前在加州的居家支持服务下负责照顾符合医疗条件的残疾人和老年人，本研究将采用混合方法设计，使用主要的定性策略，其依据是符号互动主义(SI)和女权主义立场理论(SPT)的原则，符号互动主义强调从个人的角度理解情况的重要性，女权主义立场理论(SPT)将明确关注社会和政治背景。在心理学、社会学、人类学和经济学的跨学科文献的指导下，将嵌套一个补充的量化部分(使用所有383名受访者的电话调查数据) 在主要的定性方法内(使用47名受访者的深度访谈数据)。经过修改的A Kramer的照顾者适应概念模型(1997)为定量分析提供了理论框架，也为涌现理论提供了一个比较的切入点。了解付费家庭或朋友照顾者的动机对于评估照顾者的潜在可用性以及允许家庭成员和朋友获得报酬的政策和计划的有效性都很重要。这种知识可能会对护理质量产生影响，因为它被用来确定哪些人最有可能--也许是那些最合适的--承担护理人员的角色。确定具体的动机也可能有助于了解照顾者的承诺程度和继续护理的意图。在政策和项目发展的背景下，这些发现可以用来指导照顾者的招募和留住工作。

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): While myths persist that adult children today are not providing as much care to their elders as did previous generations, in reality, adult children nowadays are providing more care and more difficult care to parents over longer periods of time than they ever have in the past. Yet the demand for long-term care is poised to far surpass the projected available supply of both informal (unpaid) and formal (paid) caregivers. As such, increasing concern and attention is being given to the need to sustain and augment the current supply of both informal and formal caregivers. At the same time, the recent advent of programs and policies that allow family members to be paid for caregiving is quickly blurring the distinction between informal and formal caregiving, creating a new category of caregiver that we know little about. To address these concerns, it is important first to unravel our understanding of what leads caregivers (both informal and formal) to adopt caregiver roles and then, to identify what keeps them committed to providing for the long-term care needs of relatives or strangers. The purpose of the proposed study is to illuminate how paid family and friend caregivers describe and make sense of their motives for caregiving, and to examine how their reasons for caregiving are related to caregiver well-being. Using data collected from family and friend caregivers who were formerly paid to care for MediCal eligible disabled and elderly under California's In-Home Supportive Services, this study will employ a mixed method design using a dominant qualitative strategy informed by the tenets of Symbolic Interactionism (SI), which emphasizes the importance of understanding a situation from the person's point of view, and feminist Standpoint Theory (SPT), which brings explicit attention to the social and political context. Guided by the interdisciplinary literatures of psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics, a supplementary quantitative component (using telephone survey data from all 383 respondents) will be nested within the dominant qualitative method (using in-depth interview data from 47 respondents). A modified version of Kramer's conceptual model of caregiver adaptation (1997) provides the theoretical framework for the quantitative analyses, as well as a point of comparison for the emergent theory. Understanding what motivates paid family or friend caregivers is important in efforts to assess both the potential availability of caregivers, as well as the efficacy of policies and programs that allow family members and friends to be paid. Such knowledge could have implications for quality of care as it is used to identify those who are most likely - and perhaps those who are most appropriate - to assume a caregiver role. The identification of specific motives may also offer insight into a caregiver's level of commitment and intention to continue. Within the context of policy and program development, these findings could be used to direct caregiver recruitment and retention efforts.