Participation in Preventive Parenting Interventions

描述（由申请人提供）：我申请这个奖项的目的是获得我需要的额外培训，以开发一个独立的研究项目，重点是开发和测试基于理论的策略，以增加低社会经济地位、市中心有年幼孩子的父母参与预防性育儿项目。育儿技能干预措施已被证明有助于预防儿童精神健康和物质使用障碍的发生和升级。然而，父母干预措施的参与率往往很低，严重限制了它们在人口一级的影响。虽然效率和参与率对人口效率的贡献相同，但对前者的研究较多，对后者的实证研究较少。NIMH已经确定了调查心理健康服务参与决定因素的研究，并制定和测试策略，以提高参与、保留和干预依从性，作为主要研究目标（NIMH， 2000年，2001年a， 2001年b）。因此，最大限度地参与可能是预防科学家可以承担的最重要的事业之一，以增加育儿干预对公共卫生的好处。为了实现我的职业目标，我需要在四个方面培养技能：1)开发和评估基于理论的策略，以提高父母的参与度；2)为参与研究提供信息的理论和研究知识；3)文化胜任力测量与干预开发；4)预防研究的先进统计方法。作为研究计划的一部分，将进行两项研究。第一项研究的目的是获得40位家长对参与干预的可接受性和感知有效性的反馈，该干预旨在增加对预防性育儿计划的参与。在研究2中，参与干预将在228名家长中进行试点，以测试其对提高家长参与的有效性。研究2还将扩展先前的研究，包括动机因素、父母认知、父母调整、项目偏好和社会文化因素如何影响参与。通过增加接受服务的家庭数量，增加对循证育儿干预措施的参与，将改善这些干预措施对公共卫生的影响，从而降低儿童心理健康和药物滥用失调的人口比例。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): My goal in applying for this award is to obtain the additional training I need to develop an independent program of research focused on developing and testing theory-based strategies to increase participation in preventive parenting programs among low-SES, inner-city parents of young children. Parenting skills interventions have proven to be helpful in preventing the onset and escalation of child mental health and substance use disorders. However, engagement rates in parenting interventions are often quite low, severely limiting their impact at the population level. Although efficacy and participation rate contribute equally to population effectiveness, an abundance of research has been devoted to the former with little empirical study of the latter. NIMH has identified research examining determinants of mental health service participation and formulating and testing strategies to enhance engagement, retention, and intervention adherence as primary research objectives (NIMH, 2000, 2001 a, 2001 b). Thus, maximizing participation may be one of the most important enterprises prevention scientists can undertake to increase the public health benefits of parenting interventions. To attain my career goals, I will need to develop skills in four areas: 1) developing and evaluating theory-based strategies for increasing parent participation; 2) knowledge of theory and research that inform the study of participation; 3) culturally-competent measurement and intervention development; and 4) advanced statistical methods for prevention research. Two studies will be conducted as part of the research plan. The objectives of the first study are to obtain feedback from 40 parents on the acceptability and perceived effectiveness of an engagement intervention designed to increase participation in preventive parenting programs. In Study 2, the engagement intervention will be piloted with 228 parents to test its efficacy for increasing parent participation. Study 2 will also expand on previous research to include consideration of how participation is influenced by motivational factors, parenting cognitions, parental adjustment, program preferences, and sociocultural factors. Increasing participation in evidence-based parenting interventions will improve the public health impact of these interventions by increasing the number of families who receive services, thereby decreasing population-level rates of child mental health and substance abuse disorders.