Participation in Preventive Parenting Interventions

描述（由申请人提供）：我申请这个奖项的目标是获得额外的培训，我需要开发一个独立的研究计划，重点是开发和测试以理论为基础的战略，以增加低SES，内城幼儿父母对预防性育儿计划的参与。事实证明，育儿技能干预有助于预防儿童心理健康和药物使用障碍的发生和升级。然而，参与育儿干预措施的比例往往很低，严重限制了其在人口一级的影响。虽然效力和参与率对人口效力的贡献相当，但对前者的研究很多，对后者的实证研究很少。NIMH已经确定了研究精神卫生服务参与的决定因素，并制定和测试策略，以提高参与度，保留率和干预依从性作为主要研究目标（NIMH，2000，2001 a，2001 B）。因此，最大限度地参与可能是预防科学家可以承担的最重要的企业之一，以增加父母干预措施的公共卫生效益。为了实现我的职业目标，我需要在四个方面发展技能：1）开发和评估以理论为基础的战略，以增加父母的参与; 2）理论和研究知识，为参与研究提供信息; 3）文化能力的测量和干预发展;和4）预防研究的先进统计方法。作为研究计划的一部分，将进行两项研究。第一项研究的目的是获得40名家长的反馈意见的可接受性和感知的有效性的参与干预，旨在增加参与预防性育儿计划。在研究2中，参与干预将与228名家长进行试点，以测试其提高家长参与的有效性。研究2还将扩展以前的研究，包括考虑如何参与的动机因素，父母的认知，父母的调整，程序偏好和社会文化因素的影响。更多地参与循证育儿干预措施将通过增加接受服务的家庭数量，从而降低儿童心理健康和药物滥用障碍的人口比例，改善这些干预措施对公共卫生的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): My goal in applying for this award is to obtain the additional training I need to develop an independent program of research focused on developing and testing theory-based strategies to increase participation in preventive parenting programs among low-SES, inner-city parents of young children. Parenting skills interventions have proven to be helpful in preventing the onset and escalation of child mental health and substance use disorders. However, engagement rates in parenting interventions are often quite low, severely limiting their impact at the population level. Although efficacy and participation rate contribute equally to population effectiveness, an abundance of research has been devoted to the former with little empirical study of the latter. NIMH has identified research examining determinants of mental health service participation and formulating and testing strategies to enhance engagement, retention, and intervention adherence as primary research objectives (NIMH, 2000, 2001 a, 2001 b). Thus, maximizing participation may be one of the most important enterprises prevention scientists can undertake to increase the public health benefits of parenting interventions. To attain my career goals, I will need to develop skills in four areas: 1) developing and evaluating theory-based strategies for increasing parent participation; 2) knowledge of theory and research that inform the study of participation; 3) culturally-competent measurement and intervention development; and 4) advanced statistical methods for prevention research. Two studies will be conducted as part of the research plan. The objectives of the first study are to obtain feedback from 40 parents on the acceptability and perceived effectiveness of an engagement intervention designed to increase participation in preventive parenting programs. In Study 2, the engagement intervention will be piloted with 228 parents to test its efficacy for increasing parent participation. Study 2 will also expand on previous research to include consideration of how participation is influenced by motivational factors, parenting cognitions, parental adjustment, program preferences, and sociocultural factors. Increasing participation in evidence-based parenting interventions will improve the public health impact of these interventions by increasing the number of families who receive services, thereby decreasing population-level rates of child mental health and substance abuse disorders.