The Fairtrade Movement, legal support and social implications

公平贸易和另类交易运动在相互作用的贸易流动中所占的比例越来越大。在非政府经济行为者的安排下，它们声称将缓解政府行为者实行的自由市场的严酷程度，并抵消富裕世界(尤其是欧盟和美国)对许多农产品实施的保护主义政府补贴的后果。对公平贸易运动的组织结构的研究很少，随着市场的扩大，迫切需要研究公平贸易运动的运作方式、不同网络的相互关系以及它们的责任，以防止大型零售商和制造商可能“捕获”这种运动(雀巢最近推出了一款“公平贸易”产品)。随着公平贸易产品市场的扩大，大型跨国公司越来越有可能寻求拉拢贸易，破坏这些运动的最初目标。如果他们没有明确地建立规则和法律基础，他们很容易受到破坏，并对公众实施欺诈。这项研究的主要目的是通过追踪进口到英国的公平贸易商品的来源，初步关注追踪这些商品的来源，调查每一次所有权变更时提出的上述问题。随后的一项研究将延伸到其他消费国的产品。“因此，目标是：评估公平贸易对生产国和进口国的价值。评估是否有必要建立一个法律框架评估公平贸易在多大程度上成功地加强了弱势群体的能力。这些目标的结构是为了提供以下潜在的应用和结果：透明度，以防止欺诈性滥用公平贸易运动；建立保护机制，以确保问责；加强对网络的法律或社会支持的可能性”。

The Fairtrade and Alternative Trading Movements account for a growing part of interactional trade flows. Arranged by non-governmental economic actors, they claim to mitigate the rigors of the free market' as practiced by governmental actors, as well as counteracting the consequences of protectionist government subsidies maintained by the rich world (especially the EU and US) covering many agricultural products. Little research has been carried out into the organisational structure of Fair Trade movements and, as the market expands, it is urgent that research should establish the way in which Fair Trade movements operate, the interrelationship of different networks and their accountability to prevent possible 'capture' of the movement by large retailers and manufacturers (Nestle has recently launched a 'Fairtrade' product). As the market for Fair Trade products expands it is increasingly likely that large multinationals will seek to co-opt the trade and undermine the original objectives of these movements. If they have not clearly established rules and legal foundations they may very easily be undermined and a fraud practiced on the public. The key aim of the study is to focus initially on tracing Fair-Trade goods imported into the UK by following their trail back to source investigating the questions posed above at each change in ownership. A subsequent study will extend to products imported into other consuming countries."The objectives are therefore to: Evaluate the value of Fair-Trade to producing and importing countries. Assess whether a legal framework is necessary Evaluate how far Fair-Trade succeeds in strengthening the capabilities of disadvantaged groups. These objectives are structured to deliver the following potential applications and outcomes: Transparency in order to prevent fraudulent misuse of the Fair-Trade movement Creation of protective mechanisms to ensure accountability Possibility of strengthening legal or social support for the networks"