Social Isolation, Loneliness, Health & the Aging Process

描述（来自申请）：拟议计划的目的 格兰特计划将社会学、心理学和生物学 对各机制之间的关系产生影响的分析层次 潜在的社会隔离，孤独感，健康和衰老 过程社会关系是情感满足的基础， 行为调整和认知功能。最近的研究表明 随着年龄的增长，人际关系中的情感亲密度也会增加。然而， 社交关系减少，社交事件引发孤独 在老年人身上继续。此外，他们身体老化，往往 因此这些心理社会挑战可能会离开 他们容易感到孤独，烦躁不安，升高和长期 神经内分泌应激反应和不健康。孤独预示着发病 以及晚年广泛原因导致的死亡率， 健康行为和生物风险因素。理解的前提 孤独感及其对身心健康的影响 因此，可以在老年人中进行有效的研究， 因为美国人的预期寿命增加了，急剧增加， 老年人的数量。项目1在老年人中使用纵向设计 为了检验孤独感的时间稳定性， 孤独的经历，以及生理上的（例如，自主）和 行为（例如，健康行为，睡眠）与孤独感相关的影响。 项目2使用国家调查数据和相关的医疗保险索赔数据来检查 社会中孤独和压力的起源和后果 环境项目3是一个易受社会孤立影响的动物模型 和破坏作为一个个体特征，确定特定的荷尔蒙和 增加感染性和恶性疾病风险免疫后遗症 在老化过程中。还有两个核心为 项目：核心A是行政核心，核心B是数据管理和 统计管理核心。

DESCRIPTION (from the application): The purpose of the proposed Program Project Grant is to bring together sociological, psychological, and biological levels of analyses to bear on the relationships among and mechanisms underlying social isolation, feelings of loneliness, health, and the aging process. Social relationships are fundamental to emotional fulfillment, behavioral adjustment, and cognitive function. Recent research has shown that emotional closeness in relationships increases with age. Yet the number of social relationships decreases and social events triggering loneliness continue in the older adult. Moreover, they are physically aging and tend to be less resilient so these psychosocial challenges could potentially leave them vulnerable to feelings of loneliness, dysphoria, elevated and prolonged neuroendocrine stress responses, and ill health. Loneliness predicts morbidity and mortality from broad based causes in later life even after controlling for health behaviors and biological risk factors. Understanding the antecedents of feelings of loneliness and their consequences for mental and physical health can thus be studied effectively in older adults and is particularly important because life expectancy has increased in the U.S., increasing dramatically the number of older adults. Project 1 uses a longitudinal design in older adults to examine the temporal stability of loneliness, the predictors of the experience of loneliness, and the physiological (e.g., autonomic) and behavioral (e.g., health behaviors, sleep) effects associated with loneliness. Project 2 uses national survey data and linked Medicare claims data to examine the origins and consequences of loneliness and stress in the social environment. Project 3 is an animal model of vulnerability to social isolation and disruption as an individual trait, identifying the specific hormonal and immunological sequelae that increase risk for infectious and malignant disease during aging. There are also two cores that provide broad support to the projects: Core A the administrative Core, and Core B the data management and statistical management core.