INTEGRATIVE PATHWAYS TO HEALTH AND ILLNESS PROJECT 4: CONNECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。该项目的目的是确定与不同形式的生活挑战以及心理和社会因素有关的生物标记物，这些生物标记物单独或结合在一起，表征人从年轻成年到老年的特征。具有有限补偿优势的累积逆境被假设反映在多个失调的生物学指标中。相反，在面对生活挑战时保持高水平的幸福感，假设反映在多个系统的高水平运作的生物学指标中。生物标志物数据收集将在3个普通临床研究中心(加州大学洛杉矶分校、威斯康星大学和乔治敦大学)对MIDUS人群的一个子样本(N=1350)和密尔沃基非裔美国人样本的一个子样本(N=200)进行。这些生物标志物反映了下丘脑-垂体轴、自主神经系统、免疫系统、心血管系统和代谢过程的功能。除了这些生物标志物的平均/静止水平，实验室认知和立位挑战研究还伴随着对唾液皮质醇随时间的变化、心率变异性和血压动态的评估。人际关系的质量，工作经验和相关职业发展机会的构建(或缺乏)，个人的目的感和成长感，以及拥有(或缺乏)有效的战略来管理各种往往意想不到的生活挑战，都是与生物反应有关的现象，通常一次集中于一种或至多两种措施。我们将单独评估对多个生物标志物的反应之间的关联，以及与个人挑战和反映累积挑战的复杂概况以及各种心理社会因素和健康特征的组合。将有关心理、社会和生物相互关系的证据结合起来，有助于了解与复原力和维持高水平功能有关的因素。这反过来又可以为未来多方面的健康促进计划提供更严格的基础，并有助于了解过去20年来老年人残疾明显下降的情况。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The purpose of this project is to identify biomarkers that are individually, and in combination, associated with diverse forms of life challenges and psychological and social factors characterizing persons from young adulthood into old age. Cumulative adversity with limited compensating advantages is hypothesized to be reflected in multiple biological indicators of dysregulation. Conversely, the maintenance of high levels of well-being in the face of life's challenges is hypothesized to be reflected in biological indicators of high levels of functioning across multiple systems. Biomarker data collection will be carried out at 3 General Clinical Research Centers (at UCLA, University of Wisconsin, and Georgetown University) on a sub-sample of the MIDUS population (N=1350) and on a sub-sample of the Milwaukee African-American sample (N=200). The biomarkers reflect functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the autonomic nervous system, the immune system, cardiovascular system, and metabolic processes. In addition to average/resting levels of such biomarkers, a laboratory cognitive and orthostatic challenge study is accompanied by assessments of salivary cortisol over time, heart-rate variability, and blood pressure dynamics. The quality of interpersonal relationships, the structuring of work experience and associated opportunities (or the lack thereof) for career advancement, a personal sense of purpose and growth, and the possession (or lack thereof) of effective strategies for management of diverse and often unanticipated life challenges are all phenomena that have been associated with biological responses, usually focused on one, or at most two, measures at a time. We will assess associations between responses on multiple biomarkers individually, and in combination, with individual challenges and complex profiles reflecting cumulative challenges and a diversity of psychosocial factors and health characteristics. The integration of evidence about psychosocial and biological interrelationships facilitates understanding of the factors associated with resilience and the maintenance of high levels of functioning. This, in turn, can provide a more rigorous foundation for multi-faceted health promotion programs in the future and facilitate understanding of the pronounced declines in disability among the elderly that have been occurring over the past two decades.