Etiology and Consequences of Adolescent Drug Use(K05)

描述（由申请人提供）： 这是一个重新提交的竞争延续申请的SSA。主要目标是扩大对以下问题的研究：（1）成人烟草和药物使用/滥用/依赖所涉及的风险和保护因素，并将研究范围扩大到中年初期;（2）烟草和药物使用/滥用/依赖途径的测试模型;（3）风险和保护因素的相互影响;（4）烟草和药物使用对青少年和成人功能的后果。为了实现这一点，我将通过以下方式扩展先前的研究：（1）包括市中心青少年和父母吸毒者的样本;（2）比较烟草和药物使用/滥用/依赖的病因学，以及它们与精神病理学的关系;（3）研究药物倾向特征的代内和代际传递;（4）检查与烟草和药物使用/滥用/依赖相关的文化因素;（5）研究与烟草和药物滥用/依赖相关的文化因素。（5）研究遗传和环境因素对药物使用/滥用/依赖的交互作用;（6）研究与艾滋病传播行为和应对艾滋病有关的因素。为了实现这些目标，正在开展一项综合研究方案，涉及五个资助的大型项目：研究1A和1B：对976名1-10岁至中年初期儿童及其母亲的纵向研究;研究2A和2B：对非裔美国人和波多黎各内城青年及其母亲的研究;研究3：研究2A中原始研究儿童的324名后代的多代研究;研究4：南非12-17岁黑人和白色青少年的研究;研究5：500名男性HIV阳性和HIV-注射吸毒者父亲及其子女的研究;研究P1：一项关于药物使用/滥用的童年因素的研究延伸到中年早期，以及研究P2：与药物使用相关的基因-环境相互作用的研究。这一综合研究方案的主要意义在于，它解决了物质使用领域的许多关键问题（例如，在儿童期到成年期的整个发育过程中，烟草和毒品的使用有哪些风险;在不同的人群中，什么可以防止这些风险，包括那些与艾滋病传播有关的风险;如何才能阻止风险从一代传递到下一代;以及与停止烟草和毒品使用有关的因素是什么。K 05将使我能够把我的时间和精力投入到研究目标，如实质性和方法的发展，指导活动（30%的时间），包括医学生和初级教师的指导，以及我自己的职业发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmission of a competing continuation application for a SSA. The major goals are to extend research on: (1) risk and protective factors involved in adult tobacco and drug use/abuse/dependence, extending into early mid-life; (2) testing models of pathways to tobacco and drug use/abuse/dependence; (3) interactive effects of risk and protective factors; and (4) consequences of tobacco and drug use on adolescent and adult functioning. To achieve this, I wilt expand prior research by: (1) including samples of inner-city youngsters and parental drug abusers; (2) comparing the etiologies of tobacco and drug use/abuse/dependence, and their relation to psychopathology; (3) studying the intra- and intergenerational transmission of drug-prone characteristics; (4) examining cultural factors associated with tobacco and drug use/abuse/dependence; (5) studying the interaction of genetic and environmental factors on drug use/abuse/dependence; and (6) examining factors related to AIDS transmission behavior and coping with AIDS. In order to achieve these goals, an integrated program of research is underway, involving five funded large-scale projects: Studies 1A and 1B: Longitudinal studies of 976 children from ages 1-10 to early mid-life and their mothers; Studies 2A and 2B: Studies of African-American and Puerto Rican inner city youth and their mothers; Study 3: A multigenerational study of 324 offspring of the original study children in Study 2A; Study 4: A study of Black and White South African adolescents, age 12-17; Study 5: A study of 500 male HIV+ and HIV- injection drug-using fathers and their children; Study P1: A study of childhood factors for drug use/abuse extending into early mid-life, and Study P2: A study of gene-environment interactions related to drug use. The major significance of this program of integrated research is that it addresses many critical issues in the field of substance use (e.g., what are the risks for tobacco and drug use throughout the developmental span of childhood to adulthood; what can protect against these risks in different populations, including those implicated in the spread of AIDS; how can one break the transmission of risk from one generation to the next; and what are the factors associated with cessation of tobacco and drug use.) The K05 will enable me to devote my time and energy to research goals such as substantive and methodological development, mentoring activities (30% time), including guidance of medical students and junior faculty, and my own career development.