Development of needle-free, vectorless, RNA-based vaccines for HIV

描述（由申请人提供）：为了开发一种有效的HIV疫苗，有必要开发新的方法来启动针对HIV抗原的T细胞反应。引发这种T细胞反应的一种方法是制造表达HIV抗原的重组病毒载体。最近一项使用重组腺病毒载体作为实验性预防性艾滋病毒疫苗的大规模临床试验的结果引起了人们的重大关注，即针对病毒载体的免疫反应可能对疫苗效力产生不利影响，甚至可能增加对艾滋病毒感染的易感性。本应用程序中描述的项目目的是开发以“无载体”方式启动hiv特异性T细胞反应的新方法。我们提出的方法将使用各种新的纳米颗粒技术，允许通过鼻内途径给药。公共卫生相关性：该项目的目标是研制一种疫苗，可以预防或减少接种者感染艾滋病毒的严重程度。拟议的疫苗将由核酸（RNA）和密切相关的化合物组成，并将通过鼻内途径给药。如果成功，这种疫苗将在没有病毒载体或重组蛋白的情况下启动保护性免疫，并且不需要针头或注射。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In order to develop an effective vaccine against HIV, it will be necessary to develop new methods to prime T cell responses against HIV antigens. One way to prime such T cell responses is to create recombinant viral vectors that express HIV antigens. Recent results from a large scale clinical trial using recombinant adenovirus vectors as an experimental prophylactic HIV vaccine raise significant concerns that immune responses directed against the viral vector may have had a detrimental effect on vaccine efficacy, or may even have increased susceptibility to HIV infection. The purpose of the project described in this application is to develop new methods to prime HIV-specific T cell responses in a "vectorless" manner. Our proposed method will use various new nanoparticle technologies permit vaccine delivery by an intranasal route. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goal of this project is to develop a vaccine that can prevent or reduce the severity of HIV infection in vaccinated subjects. The proposed vaccine will be composed of nucleic acids (RNA) and closely related compounds and will be administered by an intranasal route. If successful this vaccine will prime protective immunity in the absence of viral vectors or recombinant proteins, and without requiring needles or injection for delivery.