Integration of Soil Fingerprinting Techniques for Forensic Applications (Soilfit)

这项建议旨在将传统的、改进的和新的土壤分析技术结合起来用于英国的法医鉴定。主要目标是增加可以为刑事调查分析土壤正常成分的情况范围。这将通过综合使用改进的指纹识别方法、有效利用现有数据库以及确保在整个项目中采用强有力的统计方法来实现。目前用于取证的最新传统土壤分析方法(例如颜色、质地、显微观察和矿物学)将与土壤科学研究中使用的最新技术(例如有机分析、高分辨率粉末X射线衍射和分子方法)相结合。适用于痕量样本的技术(QEMSCAN、孢粉学和分子方法)将与可在较大尺寸样本上测量的土壤属性以及苏格兰、英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰的数据库中保存的变量相关。以定义的概率匹配样本的能力将大大提高。法医样本与几个数据库中保存的土壤和相关数据的比较数据将提供重要的情报线索，例如缩小样本来源和相关植被的地理位置。该项目的主要成果将是与国家犯罪和行动学院(NCOF)和其他相关最终用户合作，为开发强有力的确证土壤情报工具提供途径，并加强提供可靠的证据。此外，还将设计一个冰毒选择器，以帮助调查人员选择最好的方法，或者实际上帮助决定使用哪种土壤特性，这取决于SA的大小、条件和预处理。

This proposal aims to bring together the use of a combination of conventional, improved and new soil analytical techniques for forensic use on UK The main objective is to increase the range of situations where the normal constituents of soil can be analysed for criminal investigations. This will I achieved through the combined use of improved fingerprinting methods, effective use of available databases and through ensuring that a robust statistical approach is adopted throughout the whole project. Updated conventional soil analysis methods currently used in forensics (e.g. colour, texture, microscopic observations and mineralogy) will be integrated with with state-of-the-art techniques employed in soil science research (e.g. organic analysis, high resolution powder X-ray diffraction and molecular methods). Techniques that are applicable to trace samples (QemSCAN, palynology and molecular approaches) will be correlated to soil attributes measurable on larger sized samples and to those variables held in databt in Scotland, England and Wales and Northern Ireland. The ability to match samples with a defined probability will be greatly improved. Comparison data from a forensic sample with soil and associated data held in several databases will provide important intelligence clues, such as narrowing the geographical location of sample origin and associated vegetation.The main outcomes of the project will be, in collaboration with the National Crime and Operations Faculty (NCOF) and other relevant end users, to provide routes for the development of robust corroborative soil intelligence tools and enhance the provision of reliable evidence. In addition, a meth selector will be designed to assist investigators choose the best methods or indeed help decide which soil characteristic to use, dependant upon sa size, condition and pretreatment.