Roles of mono- & biarticular muscles in motor learning.

描述(申请人提供)：该项目将使用一种涉及生物力学、运动学习和机械工程学科的综合方法来研究人体如何在控制与环境接触产生的外部反作用力的方向时学习协调单一肌肉和特定肌肉。首先，通过让参与者学习一种新的力量引导任务，包括单腿自行车踏板，将检验控制单一肌肉和特定肌肉的根本区别。将研究肌肉激活时间和力量方向的变化。接下来，我们将使用动力系统理论的方法，通过分析学习任务中的数据来更仔细地检查学习过程。我们将研究单一肌肉和特定肌肉的协调性变化及其激活模式的复杂性。最后，从这些实验中获得的信息将被用来开发脚踏任务的计算机模拟。通过操纵肌肉骨骼模型，用等效的单关节肌肉替换模拟的特定肌肉，可以研究协调性和任务准确性的变化。模拟的结果将与实验数据进行比较，以帮助制定描述中枢神经系统如何通过成功控制外力来学习与环境互动的描述。这些信息将对以神经系统疾病或障碍患者康复为中心的未来研究有价值，这些患者必须重新获得控制外部力量的能力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The project will use an integrative approach involving the disciplines of Biomechanics, Motor Learning, and Mechanical Engineering to investigate how the human body learns to coordinate mono- and Particular muscles when controlling the direction of external reaction forces arising from contact with the environment. First, fundamental differences in the control of mono- and Particular muscles will be examined by having participants learn a novel force-directing task, consisting of one-legged bicycle pedaling. Changes in muscle activation timing and force direction will be studied. Next, the learning process will be examined more closely by analyzing the data from the learning task using methods from Dynamical Systems Theory. Changes in the coordination of mono- and Particular muscles and the complexity of their activation patterns will be investigated. Finally, the information gained from these experiments will be used to develop a computer simulation of the pedaling task. By manipulating a musculoskeletal model, replacing simulated Particular muscles with equivalent monoarticular muscles, changes in coordination and task accuracy can be investigated. The results of the simulation will be compared with the experimental data to aid in developing a description of how the central nervous system learns to interact with the environment by successfully controlling external forces. This information will be valuable to future research centered on the rehabilitation of patients with neurological diseases or disorders, who must reacquire the ability to control external forces.