Gender Role Norms, Sexual Scrips and Black Men's Heterosexual Risk Behaviors

描述（由申请人提供）：艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病继续对黑人社区造成严重和不成比例的影响，与妇女发生性行为的黑人男子在艾滋病毒的异性传播中起着主要作用。尽管性别角色规范和性剧本似乎与性风险行为有关，但关于这些因素和黑人城市生活垃圾性风险的研究几乎不存在。此外，人们对贫困、种族歧视和监禁等社会结构因素如何塑造非裔美国城市垃圾的性别角色规范和性脚本，以及反过来如何塑造异性恋性风险，了解甚少。我们建议进行一项为期3年的研究，我们将使用基于场地的横截面多地点概率抽样来招募宾夕法尼亚州费城年龄在18至44岁之间的非裔美国MSW，包括那些也可能与男性发生性关系的人。本研究分为两个阶段：测量开发阶段（第一阶段）和模型测试阶段（第二阶段）。在第一阶段，将使用深度访谈和焦点小组来确定和描述非裔美国人生活垃圾的性别角色规范和性别脚本。基于这些发现，我们将制定量化的性别角色规范、性脚本和宗教信仰措施，以研究这些概念如何与非裔美国城市垃圾中的性风险相关（具体目标1）。我们还将在第一阶段开发和预测试一项ACASI调查。该研究的另一个目的是考虑种族歧视、贫困和监禁等社会文化因素如何与非裔美国城市垃圾的性别角色规范和性脚本以及反过来的性风险联系在一起（具体目标2）。在第二阶段，基于该研究概念模型的假设将使用结构方程模型对500个非裔美国人城市垃圾样本进行检验（具体目标3）。该模型分析了性别和性规范、社会结构风险因素、弹性因素、心理风险因素和认知安全套使用因素对非裔美国城市垃圾性风险行为的影响。该研究将为理解性别角色规范和性脚本如何影响非裔美国城市垃圾异性恋风险行为做出重要的理论和实证贡献。这些知识将为针对非裔美国城市生活垃圾的干预措施提供信息，以提高人们对性别角色规范和性脚本如何与艾滋病毒风险相关的认识，并促进将预防艾滋病毒风险的行为纳入非裔美国城市生活垃圾的性别角色规范和性脚本。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The HIV/AIDS-epidemic continues to have a severe and disproportionate impact in Black communities, with Black men who have sex with women (MSW) playing a major role in the heterosexual transmission of HIV. Although gender role norms and sexual scripts appear to be associated with sexual risk behaviors, research on these factors and sexual risk among Black MSW is virtually nonexistent. Moreover, little is understood about how social structural factors such as poverty, racial discrimination, and incarceration shape the gender role norms and sexual scripts of African American MSW and in turn, heterosexual sexual risk. We propose a 3-year study in which we will use cross-sectional multi-site venue-based probability sampling to recruit African American MSW, including those who may also have sex with men, between the ages of 18 and 44 in Philadelphia, PA. The study has two phases: measurement development (Phase I) and model testing (Phase II). in Phase I, in-depth interviews and focus groups will be used to identify and describe gender role norms and sexual scripts for African American MSW. Based on these findings, we will develop quantitivative gender role norms, sexual scripts, and religiosity measures to examine how these concepts are associated with sexual risk among African American MSW (Specific Aim 1). We will also develop and pretest an ACASI survey in Phase I. Another aim of the study is to consider how sociocultural factors such as racial discrimination, poverty, and incarceration are linked to African American MSW's gender role norms and sexual scripts, and in turn sexual risk (Specific Aim 2). In Phase II, hypotheses based on the study's conceptual model will be tested using structural equation model with a sample of 500 African American MSW (Specific Aim 3). The model addresses the effects of gender and sexual norms, social structural risk factors, resiliency factors, psychological risk factors, and cognitive condom use factors on African American MSW's sexual risk behaviors. The research will make important theoretical and empirical contributions to understanding how gender role norms and sexual scripts influence heterosexual risk behaviors for African American MSW. This knowledge will inform interventions targeted to African American MSW to promote awareness about how gender role norms and sexual scripts relate to HIV risk, and facilitate the integration of behaviors that protect against HIV risk into African American MSW's gender role norms and sexual scripts.