Law & Ethics of Drug Addiction Genetics Research

说明(由申请人提供)：我们在这个拟议项目中的主要目标是审查和阐明在刑事司法环境中使用吸毒成瘾基因信息的伦理、法律和社会影响；我们的次要目标是向由刑事司法专业人员组成的利益攸关方团体提供相关的、针对具体需要的培训、材料和资源。该项目由四个具体目标组成：1)评估与非法药物成瘾筛查、检测和治疗有关的法律和道德现状，并评价在刑事司法环境中使用药物成瘾遗传信息的前景；2)衡量刑事司法专业人员目前在药物成瘾科学方面的知识和信息需求，包括遗传学；3)召开并主办一次特别咨询小组和利益攸关方会议，介绍、审查和讨论在刑事司法环境中使用药物成瘾基因信息所产生的伦理、法律和社会影响的考虑要点；以及4)编写、传播和评价有关在刑事司法环境中使用药物成瘾遗传信息的教育、资源和参考材料。拟议的项目是对方案公告下的感兴趣领域4作出的回应，该领域涉及研究利用遗传责任对药物滥用的影响和在刑事司法环境中使用这种信息的问题，包括研究如何使用这种信息、公众对这种使用的态度、这种使用与隐私和责任概念的关系以及可能与这种使用有关的现有法律保护。该项目建立在项目组成员过去在刑事司法系统、遗传学和药物滥用研究以及跨学科专业和生物伦理教育方面的合作和经验的基础上。外部监督由一个咨询小组提供，该小组由对该领域感兴趣的杰出领导人和专家组成。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our primary goal in this proposed project is to examine and elucidate the ethical, legal and social implications of the use of drug addiction genetic information in criminal justice settings; our secondary goal is to provide related, needs-specific training, materials and resources to a stakeholder group comprised of criminal justice professionals. The project consists of four specific aims: 1) Assess the current state of law and ethics pertaining to illicit drug addiction screening, testing and treatment, and evaluate the prospects for the use of drug addiction genetic information in criminal justice settings; 2) Measure current knowledge and information needs among criminal justice professionals regarding drug addiction science, including genetics; 3) Convene and host a special advisory panel and stakeholder conference to present, review and discuss points to consider regarding the ethical, legal and social implications of the use of drug addiction genetic information in criminal justice settings; and 4) Develop, disseminate and evaluate educational, resource and reference materials regarding the use of drug addiction genetic information in criminal justice settings. The proposed project is responsive to the area of interest 4 under the program announcement pertaining to studies of the implications of the use of genetic liability to drug abuse and the use of such information in criminal justice settings, including studies about how such information might be used, public attitudes about such use, the interface of such use with concepts of privacy and responsibility, and existing legal protections that might pertain to such use. The project builds upon the project team members' past collaborations and experience with criminal justice systems, genetics and drug abuse research, and cross-disciplinary professional and bioethics education. External oversight is provided by an advisory panel comprised of distinguished leaders and experts with interests in the field.